A FUZZY LOGIC-BASED LOAD FREQUENCY CONTROLLER
A. M.
Abdel-Hamid
Assistant Prof:, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, ElMonoufia Universiiy, Shebin El-Kom (32511), Egypt.
author
text
article
2001
eng
The we0 known and widely used power system model for the Load Frequency Control (LFCj problem is extremely linearized and approximated Over the,last three decades, extensive research efjorts have used such a model as a base for studying several control schemes in thisjeld Unfortunately, documented reports have proved that there exist many power systems worldwide sufjering from severe load-/requency jluctuations. Beside approximation and linearization, the uncertainty of the model parameters may consrittrte the main reasons of LFC failure. Unlike common control schemes, this paper presents a Fuzzy Logic-Based Load Frequency Controller. A. Variable Structure Fuzzy Controller (VSFCj will be developed to suite the power syslem ntodel for both wide range of parameter uncertainties and different types of disturbances. The performances of the proposed VSFC are compared with a conventional-LFC for a variety of system parameters and transient disturbances. This may highlight the effectiveness of the proposed controller not only solving the LFC problem but also in providing sufficient damping of the frequency oscillatiows. Another important objective of this paper is that it presents an easy tutorial to demonstrate the use of readily available computer sofiare(MATUB, SIMULINK, and Fuzzy Logic Toolboxj in the analysis and design of Load Frequency Control systems.
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-1180
24
v.
2
no.
2001
1
16
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71000_5cdb4823b3f75de801c0e5a19c6f64e2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/erjm.2001.71000
Numerical Simulation of Shock Wave Interaction with a Slab of Compressible Foam Attached to a Solid Wall
Ahmed A.
Sileem
Mech. Power Eng. Dept., Faculty of Engineering
Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
author
text
article
2001
eng
Numerical simulation of normal shock wave interaction with a slab of compressible foam attached to a solid wall is the scope of the present work. The foam is modeled as solid particles suspended in air. Therefore, the fo& is treated as two-phase medium of solid particles and air. The drag force and heat transfer between particles and air are taken into consideration. The influerice of foam density, incident shock Mach number and foam slab length on the reflected and transmitted waves strength, on the flow field inside and outside the foam and also on the pressure at solid wall behind the foam are studied. The numerical results reflect all the salient features of the interaction process and its conseauences. The results of the present numerical simulation are compared wi& experimental results of ~kews[1991] and showed a satisfactory agreement. It is shown that the effect of increasing foam length is to delay the arrival of the transmitted wave to the solid wall and the rna~mum pressure at wall increases slightly. In addition, the rate of wall pressure increase is greater for smaller foam length. The increase in incident shock Mach number increases the wall pressure and the rate of increase is greater for greater incident Mach number. The pressure at the wall decreases after reflection to almost constant value in the used tune span. This constant value increases with the increase in incident Mach number. The numerical results showed also that the delay in the arrival of transmitted wave to the solid wall is greater for greater foam density. The maximum pressure at the solid wall decreases with the increase of foam density, but it decays to almost constant value regardless of the foal density. The maximum pressure at wall with foam attached to it considerably exceeds
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-1180
24
v.
2
no.
2001
17
38
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71007_328a9a108450948cea520bbbba1cdef7.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/erjm.2001.71007
A UNIFIED INTERACTIVE APPROACH FOR SOLVING MULTIPLE CRITERION NONLINEAR INTEGER PROGRAMMING PROBLEM
MahMoud Zaki
Ragab
profecssor of Mathematics and Vicc - Dcan for higher Studies Faculty of Science,
Zagazig University.
author
Ahmed A
El-Sawy
Professor Of Mathcrnatics, Dcpartmcnt of Enginccring Basic Science, ~ac& of
Enginccring, Mcnufia Univcrsity.
author
Hanan M.
Abd el Rahrman
teaching Assistant, Department of Basic Engineering Science, Higher Technologjcal
lnstitutc, Tenth of Ramadan City.
author
text
article
2001
eng
This paper introduces a uniiied interactive approach for solving multiple criterion nonlinear integer programming problems. The proposed algorithm collects the characleristics of four interactive approaches. These approaches are stem, trade off cutling plane, (GDF) procedure, and Tchebycheff procedure.This papcr presents a combined interactive approach between stem and trade off cutting plane methods, a combined interactive approach between GDF and Tchebycheff p~occdurc will also bc introduced Finally, the paper also presents a proposed algoliihn~ for a unilicd approach to solvc ilic multiple - criterion nonlinear integer programming (MCNLIP) problems which combines the characteristics of both the combined approaches
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-1180
24
v.
2
no.
2001
39
53
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71011_72e4197be2cf1cc79c21502946deb10e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/erjm.2001.71011
NUMERICAL METHOD FOR THE SOLUTION OF NONLINEAR BOUNDARY-VALUE PROBLEMS
Hamza M.
Habib
Department of Basic Engineering Sciences
El-Menoufia University
Shebin El-Kom, Egypt ,
author
Mohamed Magdy M.
El-Farrash
Department of Basic Engineering Sciences
El-Menoufia University
Shebin El-Kom, Egypt ,
author
Mohamady A.
Basiouny
Department of Basic Engineering Sciences
El-Menoufia University
Shebin El-Kom, Egypt ,
author
text
article
2001
eng
A simple, efficient numerical solution method for nonlinear boundary value problems is presented. The approach depends on linearizing the finite-differenced equations for the dependent variables then solving the correction equation for the dependent variable by the tri-diagonal matrix method, finally correcting the solution at each iteration. The method is somewhat similar to Newton's method in that the Jacobian is evaluated at each iteration,
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-1180
24
v.
2
no.
2001
55
67
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71013_4bf30cca3206e5f1be15e67aaabf1398.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/erjm.2001.71013
A Fuzzy Multilevel Mathematical Programming
M. Abdel- Aaty
Maaty
Faculty of science, Cairo University, Fayuom Branch, Egypt,
author
text
article
2001
eng
nus paper gives an overview 011 a technique for solviug siigle objective or nlu~tiobjective mathematical programmillg with hzzy parameters in the objective functions, under the presentation of multi- decision makers in differeut hierarchy level (decentralized decisio~~ making situation); where the higher level UI the luerarchy can only i~duence aprather tlm dictate the choices of the lower level.
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-1180
24
v.
2
no.
2001
85
96
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71015_510d366847fac8a55b36b75e27c680d4.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/erjm.2001.71015
Power Quality Analysis at Pumping Stations Network In Egypt
Radwan H.
Abdel-Hamid
Faculty of Engineering,
Helwan University
author
Mohamed A.
Helal
Mechanical and Elect. Research Ins.
National Water Research Center
author
Sobhi M. Ahmed
Farrag
Faculty of Engineering, Monofia, B
Universty
author
Ashraf M.
Elsotohy
B.Sc, research Assistant,
Mechanical and Elect. Research Ins.
author
text
article
2001
eng
This paper aims mainly to implement the power quality isspes and impact on the pumping stations networks supervised by the ministry of Water Recourses and Inigation in Egypt. The paper outlines the strategy of monitoring the power system disturbances at these stations with special emphasis on those disturbances influencing the performance of the pumping units. Because the pump stations network is large (more than 1500 pump stations) with different hydraulic load nature, this paper adopted a pilot project to conceive the power quality study. Two large pump stations are selected for this study at two different locations. The rating of the pumping units ranges between 475 kW and 1 MW for each unit at an operating voltage ranges between 6.6 kV and 11 kV. A special diagnosis system is described and installed at the selected pilot pump stations for long periods to cover the seasonable load system at these stations. Based on that svstem a com~rehensive data of unpredictable disturbances are recorded, examined and analyzed to clarify the power quality picture at the selected stations. This study also includes the lack of industry standards and performance behavior of the drive motors at the pumping station network. Problems conducted for investigation included all type of voltage disturbances such as voltage surges and impulses, voltage sags, harmonic invasion, flickering, and P.F quality. It is hoped that this study will be of special benefits to the Ministry and other private sectors growing now in the field of cultivated iands
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-1180
24
v.
2
no.
2001
97
112
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71018_da0597896c64a2894e206fc9cc896342.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/erjm.2001.71018
CONDENSATION COEFFICIENT AND WETNESS THERMAL LOSSES OF WET STEAM FLOW AT LOW PRESSURES
N.H.
MAHMOUD
Dept. of Mech. Power Engng.,
Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
author
text
article
2001
eng
Condensation coefficient of wet steam flow at low pressures has been evaluated theoretically. It was found from the theoretical results th&t wet steam condensation coefficient depends upon: the pressure at ~ilson point, vapour supercooling, droplet sue, evaporation coeffkieht' and .4 index of isentropic expansion. Available data on the condensation coefficient of wet steam flow through nozzles are found to be dependent on the pressure values of both initial flow conditions and Wilson point. A comparison has been conducted between the present values of the condensation coefficient and that reported and required to minimize the difference between the predicted and measured pressure distributions in wet steam flow through nozzles. The agreement in the comparison is good. In order to verify the model, another comparison between a measured pressure distribution and a predicted one through a nozzle based on selected values for the condensation and evaporation coefficients is also carried out. 'The quality of agreement in this comparison is good. Moreover, entropy increase due to the irreversibility of heat and mass transfer proceses in wet steam has been estimated numerically. The numerical results show that increasing the condensation coefficient, droplet size and expansion rate as well as decreasing the evaporation coefficient tends to increase the wetness thermal losses during wet steam flow.
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-1180
24
v.
2
no.
2001
113
133
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71022_977cec2321ee02590f563efdeefa20ff.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/erjm.2001.71022
EIGENSOLUTION OF NONCLASSICALLY DAMPED ASYMMETRIC VIBRATION SYSTEMS
ElSayed M.
ElBeheiry
Department of Production Engineering and Mechanical design,
Faculty of Engineering, Menoufia University,
Shebin ElKom, Egypt .
author
text
article
2001
eng
This paper presents a new effective approach to solving the generalized eigenvalue problem Bu =Mu by using a perturbation technique. A generalized second-order perturbation theory is adapted such that the perturbed solution will be based on the eigensolution of an unperturbed subproblem describing the conservative part of the original nonclassically, viscously damped system with asymmetric mass, damping and stiffness matrices. Two numerical examples in addition to a practical problem are studied to show that tk eigensolutions obtained by the current method match, to a great ex?ent, so!utions obtained by time-consuming exact methods.
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-1180
24
v.
2
no.
2001
135
153
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71023_f6729bc67dbf7e7ee8a66e1b8d98f242.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/erjm.2001.71023
THE INTEGRATION OF COMPUTER-MEDIATED COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Mohammad Othman
ALNais
Hail College of Technology, P.O. Box 1690, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
author
text
article
2001
eng
Universities and colleges offer students the opportunity to grow intellectually and creatively through the advanced study of science, engineering and literature. As modem workforces require well-motivated individuals with the skills and adaptability to meet the demands of an ever more competitive world market for quality products, the govcrnment of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) wants to see a successful and inclusive society, with a competitive economy built on the talents and skills of all. The idea that technology is changing the way we work and learn has become a constant refrain in contemporary society. Thus, universities and higher colleges look to modem technologies to help solve problenls that have inhibited learning in the past. Another challenge to institutions of higher education with regard to professional development in areas of technology is the mere fact that students of tomorrow will be more dependent on technology skills than the students of today. Taking up the idea that educational technologies have the potential to alter how universities and higher colleges are run and how students learn. This paper addresses how to encourage widespread effective use of new technologies in teaching, learning and research in all educational institutions and all subjects to ensure that students are able to use new technologies to enhance their learning and prepare for working life.
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-1180
24
v.
2
no.
2001
175
188
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71025_5bd69c2ef70f188084b635b8ef16969f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/erjm.2001.71025
EFFECT OF COOLING RATE DURING .. CENTRIFUGAL CASTING ON THE CREEP RUPTURE STRENGTH OF 13% Cr STEEL
Mohamed o.
ALNAIS
College of Technology at Hail, KSA
author
text
article
2001
eng
It is well known that 13% Cr steel is one of the most economic stainless steels. It is, however, inferior to austenitic stainless steels in creep rupture strength above 600' C. Therefore, an attempt has been made to imprive the creep rupture, strength of 13% Cr steel. This work is principally concerned with the investigation of the influence of the cooling rate during centrifugal casting on the creep rupture strength of 13% Cr steel. The results obtained are summarized as follows: - The creep strength of 13% Cr steel is improved by increasing cooling rate during centrifugal casting. - The higher cooling rate promotes: large sizes of columnar structures and fine dispersion of precipitates. These are shown to have a beneficial effect on the creep strength of 13% steel.
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-1180
24
v.
2
no.
2001
189
198
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71029_11ddbd7b448db0f77d15066956eca956.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/erjm.2001.71029
EFFECT OF NOTCH SENSITIVITY ON FATIGUE STRENGTH AND FATIGUE CRACK BEHAVIOUR OF Ti-6AL-4V ALLOY
text
article
2001
eng
In the present work, rotating bending fatigue tests have been carried out to investigate the fatigue strength of plain and circumferentially notched specimens of Ti-6AL-4V alloy. The purpose of this work is to evaluate fatigue strength and notch sensitivity under different stress concentrations . The notch radius of specimens changes from m (plain specimen) to 1.3, 0.4, 0.2, and 0.1 mm. The fatigue cracks initiate by approximate 25% of cycle ratio in the cases of p= 1.3 and 0.4 mm while the fatigue cracks initiate by approximate 15% in the case of p = 0.2 mm. The notch sensitivity of Ti-6AL 4V alloy is higher Ahan that of cast iron, and lower than that of steel material. The non-propagating micrwcracks at the specimen surface are not existed for not only the plain specimen but also for all of the notched specimens including plain specimen under fatigue limit by N = 1 X 10' cycles.
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-1180
24
v.
2
no.
2001
199
210
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71030_a45e340f9dad1648eac621d5e330a12f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/erjm.2001.71030
Investigation into the Effect of Switching Frequency on the Performance of Current Controlled Inverter Employing Space Vector Modulation Technique
F.M.
EL-Khouly
Department of Electrical Eng., Faculty of Eng.., Menoufia University, Sebin El-Kom, Egypt
Electrical engineer at AI-Ezz steel rebars company.
author
Y. K.
EL BehirY
Department of Electrical Eng., Faculty of Eng.., Menoufia University, Sebin El-Kom, Egypt
Electrical engineer at AI-Ezz steel rebars company.
author
M. E.
ELShebinY
Department of Electrical Eng., Faculty of Eng.., Menoufia University, Sebin El-Kom, Egypt
Electrical engineer at AI-Ezz steel rebars company.
author
A. S
Abdel-Ghaffar
Department of Electrical Eng., Faculty of Eng.., Menoufia University, Sebin El-Kom, Egypt
Electrical engineer at AI-Ezz steel rebars company.
author
text
article
2001
eng
In this paper the effect of switching hquency on the performance ofthe space vector modulation (SVM) current controlled three-phase PWM inverter loaded by interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM), is investigated. The effects of the switching frequency on the stator space reference voltage vector V. 0) and then on the inverter operation modes are investigated. The idea of event driven indicative flag that on-line indicates the inverter mode of operationis presented. Computer simulation to compare the SVM performance at different switching ikquencies is developed. Effects of changing the inverter dc link voltage, reference speed and mechanical load torque on the inverter modes of operationhave been presented.
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-1180
24
v.
2
no.
2001
211
226
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71036_76ad4bd3aff0b61c6aefb198261cd921.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/erjm.2001.71036
The Effects of Waste Recycling on The Employees and The Environment ..
Mohammed o.
Alnais
College of Technology at Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
author
text
article
2001
eng
The subject of "waste" has become a very important topic and is really a big problem, which could seriously threaten the health of all humans, especially from such waste that contains nuclear radiation and chemicals. Therefore this matter has become an important topic worldwide. Hail compost plant(200 tonslday capacity) has been chosen for the area of research as an example to assist a questionnaire, which contains several queries related to the health and safety facing it's employees. After collection and analysis of the questionnaire, it indicated that there are serious health problems related to the skin, eyes, chest, ears etc. Further, the answers of most of the employees show a very high interest in being involved in the other kinds of council jobs. Therefore a change either weekly or monthly is needed for the employee. Introduction: Recently the investigations and research in health and environment has given great importance to the waste recycling programs in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, EGC countries and worldwide. The most recent studies such as Mohamed Al-Kateb [I], Amen Al- Nowawe [2], Abu Ghazara [3] and other indicate that the waste recyclable in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and EGC countries is only around 5% from the total waste collected and the remaining waste is either burnt or buried. This it seems is not equivalent to the development standards that these countries have reached. The method, which is used to dispose of the remaining waste, is hazardous to both humans and the environment due to the gases released. Investigations worldwide have given the environment great attention especially towards the methods of waste recycling. For example in the United States of America many methods have been created over the last few decades to assist in
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-1180
24
v.
2
no.
2001
227
239
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71040_33fe57b93b19a42aba836821b7c07791.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/erjm.2001.71040