@article { author = {Bakry, O. M. and Ewais, A. M. and Hemeida, A. M.}, title = {Constrained Optimal Power Flow Considering Distributed Generations in power Systems}, journal = {ERJ. Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {2}, pages = {101-107}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-1180}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.21608/erjm.2018.66296}, abstract = {The operating costs of electric power systems can be minimized through the application of optimal power flow. In this paper, an interior point based optimization algorithm is implemented to solve the optimal power flow (OPF) problems with multiple objective functions. This algorithm takes into consideration Security Constrained Optimal Power Flow (SCOPF), which known as an extension of optimal power flow (OPF). SCOPF helps to maintain the combined goal of economy and security of the power system. The improvement in system performance is developed based on cost reduction of power generation and  power loss. The obtained results from the proposed technique have been compared with other results reported in the literature. To validate the proposed approach, IEEE-30 bus system has been studied.}, keywords = {Optimal power flow,Optimization,SCOPF,interior point algorithm,Distributed generation,power loss,generation costs}, url = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_66296.html}, eprint = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_66296_0c981f2082562827e11e339be1cbb6a7.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Shenawy, E. A. and ElKelawy, Medhat and Bastawissi, Hagar Alm-Eldin and Al-Hofy, Mahmoud}, title = {Investigation of Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Diesel/Bio￾Diesel Blends under Oxygenated Fuel Burner.}, journal = {ERJ. Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {2}, pages = {109-118}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-1180}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.21608/erjm.2018.66297}, abstract = {The study of the flame characteristics and emissions of oxy fuel combustion of diesel and diesel bio￾diesel blends is performed using an experimental test burner manufactured for this reason in a laboratory scale. The fuels used are the conventional diesel fuel and a mixture of diesel and bio-diesel (B0, B10, B20, and B40) when the number refers to the bio-diesel percentage in the blend, In this present paper the behavior change of CO, CO2, HC, and NOx emissions was investigated for the selected blends with the increasing of oxygen concentration gradually by an oxygen cylinder to the air consumed in combustion. The flame characteristics (cone angle, flame length and appearance) also studied with the oxygen concentration change. It was observed that the carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, unburned hydrocarbons, NOx, and the temperature are higher in diesel than bio-diesel blends in air combustion and in oxy- combustion. This may because the number of hydrogen and carbon atoms is more in conventional diesel than bio-diesel, also the calorific value, so the temperature is higher. The flame cone angle and flame penetration length decreased after the addition of oxygen and bio-diesel, this is due to the presence of sufficient amount of oxygen which causes early chemical reaction between the fuel and oxidizer. By using oxy fuel combustion of renewable sources we can save money spent in conventional petroleum fuel.}, keywords = {Oxy-combustion,Bio-diesel,flame characteristics,NOx emissions,liquid fuel burner}, url = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_66297.html}, eprint = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_66297_41549254f86b4a7fdea5b578e72cdd35.pdf} } @article { author = {El Shenawy, E. A. and Elkelawy, Medhat and Bastawissi, Hagar Alm-Eldin and Shams, Mahmoud. M.}, title = {EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF PPCCI ENGINE FUELED WITH BIODIESEL/DIESEL BLENDS}, journal = {ERJ. Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {2}, pages = {119-132}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-1180}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.21608/erjm.2018.66298}, abstract = {This paper studies the combustion, performance and emission characteristics for one of the advanced engines called partially premixed charge compression ignition engine by using blends of diesel and biodiesel fuel. The partially premixed charge compression ignition engine is one of the homogenous charge compression ignitionengines which aim to reduce the temperature of the ignition, improve the performance of the engine and reduce the emitting emissions. The experiment is performed in a four-stroke constant speed and air cooled diesel engine which is modified by using intake manifold to work as partially premixed charge compression ignition engine. From the experiment it was observed reduction in the emissions of engine like NOx emission by over 40% of values in particles per minute compared with the conventional diesel engine and by over 60% of values in particles per minute using 30% blend of biodiesel also increasing in the brake thermal efficiency in the two cases of using diesel fuel by over 10% or using 30% blend of biodiesel and diesel by over 30%.}, keywords = {Diesel Engine,Emissions,PPCCI combustion,premixed ratio,waste cooked oil}, url = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_66298.html}, eprint = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_66298_6e2b308e8612318bd8eb4e9d81517180.pdf} } @article { author = {Ali, Shimaa Mohamed and Mohamed, Al-Attar Ali and Hemeida, Ashraf Mohamed and Ibrahim, Abdalla Ahmed}, title = {Optimal Allocation of multiple Distribution Generations in Radial distribution systems using Different Optimization Techniques}, journal = {ERJ. Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {2}, pages = {133-143}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-1180}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.21608/erjm.2018.66299}, abstract = {This paper presents, Ant Lion Optimizer (ALO), Flower Pollination algorithm (FPA), Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), Satin Bowerbird Algorithm (SBO) and Moth Swarm Optimization(MSA) for determining the optimal location and sizing of DGs to minimize power losses in radial distribution networks(RDN) and improve the voltage profile. DGs operating at different power factors are considered that is (unity and optimal). The maintenance, operation and investment costs are formulated to form the total costs of DGs and also all the profits that DG Owner‟s (DGOs) are considered at the same time. The proposed methods are implemented on IEEE 33, 69 and 119-bus test systems and the obtained results of the proposed methods are compared with other popular methods available in the literature for validation purpose.}, keywords = {Optimization Algorithm,Distributed generation,Radial Distribution system,Power losses reduction}, url = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_66299.html}, eprint = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_66299_601c1da86be478f474961b51225bd8e1.pdf} } @article { author = {Tashkandi, Mohammed A.}, title = {Friction Stir Spot Welding – A validation Study for Optimal Welding Parameters of Aluminum Alloy 6061}, journal = {ERJ. Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {2}, pages = {145-151}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-1180}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.21608/erjm.2018.66300}, abstract = {Friction stir spot welding is a unique solid-state process for joining different metallic components in many applications such as automotive industry. It is very widely used and being considered as a superior alternative to conventional joining methods. The welding process parameters include the tool rotational speed, pin length, shoulder width and dwell time. Optimum process parameters where identified in prior investigations that produced the highest joint strength for this type pf alloys. This paper is a trial to validate these results and explain the high strength of the welded joint through microstructural investigations. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and Vicker’s microhardness tests were used to analyze the welded joint. The investigation validated the optimum process conditions in microstructural and hardness variations across the different zones of the welded joint.}, keywords = {Friction Stir Spot Welding,Welding Process Parameters,Welding Defects,Microstructure}, url = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_66300.html}, eprint = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_66300_cc2ca8056270d43cc413fa4a1796d76e.pdf} } @article { author = {Kandil, K.S.A and EL Abd, M., Hekel and Ghoneim,, R.S.}, title = {EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION AND NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF CURVED GLASS PLATES UNDER PRESSURE LOAD}, journal = {ERJ. Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {2}, pages = {153-159}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-1180}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.21608/erjm.2018.66301}, abstract = {Curved glass plates are used as curtain walls in modern buildings for architectural requirements, which makes them exposed to wind load pressure. In this research, an experimental test and finite element analysis are carried out to investigate the behavior of curved glass plates under uniform pressure loads. Thin curved aluminum plate was tested simulating a monolithic glass plate due to the similarity of modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s ratio inboth aluminum and glass [1]. In order to simulate a uniform pressure loading on the tested plate, an enclosed chamber was manufactured as a supporting system for the tested plate which was glued with the chamber usingstructural silicon sealant. The internal air in the chamber was sucked out to simulate the positive pressure on the outside surface of the tested plate. Displacement transducers and strain gauges were mounted on the tested system to measure the displacements and strains as the pressure was reduced inside the chamber. Numerical sensitivity analysis was made using ABAQUS 6.14 software to find out the suitable element type and support conditions that could simulate the experimental model. Results of analysis were presented and discussed. It was found that the 8-node solid element could not represent the curved plate. On the other hand, 20-node solid element could simulate curved glass plate but showed higher failure load. The best element that could simulate the thin curved glass plate is found to be shell element in the current study}, keywords = {}, url = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_66301.html}, eprint = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_66301_b1f667e81e89ae7757b932bbe1b4ae97.pdf} } @article { author = {عبد الوهاب, نور السعيد and عتمان, أدهم جمال الدين and مشهور, مصطفى علي سالم}, title = {تصنيف األنظمة اإلنشائية وتأثيره علي التصميم المعماري للمساقط األفقية وواجهات المباني العالية}, journal = {ERJ. Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {2}, pages = {161-172}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-1180}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.21608/erjm.2018.66302}, abstract = {The study discusses the structural systems of tall buildings and their concept, analysis and classification through three main axes and studies their impact on the architectural design of horizontal projections and tall buildings’ facades, thus reach the conclusions and recommendations to work to improve the process of architectural design of tall buildings in the stage of developing the initial perceptions.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_66302.html}, eprint = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_66302_2c6a373b936708685d556630135ab7af.pdf} } @article { author = {أبو حسين, روينا صلاح and عارف, ياسر جلال الدين and شبل, محمد عادل}, title = {تطبيق تکنولوجيا النانو في مواد البناء في مصر}, journal = {ERJ. Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {2}, pages = {173-182}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-1180}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.21608/erjm.2018.66303}, abstract = {Building materials faces many problems in Egypt, such as environment pollution. Pollution and human health damage resulted from building materials, which is also a high consumption of energy, in addition to the low efficiency of those materials, and the continuous increase of their prices, Under these circumstances we have to rethink of new methods to reduce these problems. The current study aims to develop performance of the building materials in Egypt by using nano technology. The research has adopted comparative analytical approach which studied a local project that analyzed the used materials in the building, with a comparison between thosematerials and nano materials.}, keywords = {Nanotechnology – Nano materials in building–Problems of Building materials –Application of,nano technology in Egypt}, url = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_66303.html}, eprint = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_66303_4aae4a62c75d20e51bcca5b92699bdeb.pdf} }