@article { author = {Abdin, E.S.}, title = {OPTIMAL CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR THE EXCITATION OF A GAS TURBINE GENERATING UNIT}, journal = {ERJ. Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {23}, number = {2}, pages = {17-28}, year = {2000}, publisher = {Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-1180}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.21608/erjm.2000.71320}, abstract = {This paper describes the dynamic model of a gas turbine generator, which supplies a radial distribution system. An optimal controller for the excitation system is designed based on the linear model. The response of the closed loop system with optimal and conventional controllers are compared under different type of electrical disturbances such as a 3-phase short circuit at different loads and switching some of loads off or on.}, keywords = {Gas turbine generator,power system dynamics,and optimal control}, url = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71320.html}, eprint = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71320_962fc55f4721a95bc1aff3a627f55857.pdf} } @article { author = {Khourshid, Abd El-Fattah M.}, title = {Hot Deformation Behaviour of A1 6061Alloy I SiCp Composite}, journal = {ERJ. Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {23}, number = {2}, pages = {29-46}, year = {2000}, publisher = {Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-1180}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.21608/erjm.2000.71322}, abstract = {The hot deformation behaviour of 606 1 A1 alloy/SiCp composite are investigated by means of compression tests under constant strain rates of 0.1, 1 .O, and 5.0 s'l and at temperatures ranging from 100 to 500 OC. 'l'lie high reductions, varying from 10 to 60 % with intervals of 10% are set to investigate the hot workability of these materials. A specially designed furnace has been fabricated for this purpose. The flow stress data are analyzed in terms of strain rate and temperature .. .. sensitiv~tles. 'The experimental results show that the flow stress decreases as the temperature increases. The strain rate affects the flow stress slightly. The forming limit diagram of 6061A1 alloy1SiCp composite was determined. It was shown that the forming limits increases with increasing temperature and the variation in strain rate has a significant effect on hot workability.}, keywords = {Metal matrix composite (MMCs). Deformation. Structure. Strain rate,Mechanical properties. and Hot workability}, url = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71322.html}, eprint = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71322_20e2a0d1a345aae96a53999947b86c94.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdalla, H. A. and Bassiouny, M. Khalil and Sabry, T. I. and Abdel-Baky, Mostafa A.}, title = {AN INVESTIGATION OF COMBINED COOLING EFFECTS ON GAS TURBINE BLADES}, journal = {ERJ. Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {23}, number = {2}, pages = {47-66}, year = {2000}, publisher = {Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-1180}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.21608/erjm.2000.71323}, abstract = {In this paper, experimental measurements of the cascade loss in addition to the local and overall cooling effectiveness on the suction and pressure surfaces of a gas turbine blade cascade are presented. The influence of the coolant ratio and inlet gases temperature on the cooling effectiveness are discussed. The experiments were performed with seven blades linear cascade of the first stage of a gas turbine. The experimental data were conducted for three cases; cold air, hot gas flow without cooling of the blade and hot gas flow with blade cooling. The combined cooling is achieved by a hole and five jets distributed at the leading edge. The experiments include the distributions of blade wall-to-gas temperature ratio and the velocity profiles measurements. The boundary layer parameters, cooling effectiveness and cascade loss were calculated. The influence of coolant temperature, inlet conditions of hot gases on the cooling effectiveness, the boundary layer growth and the cascade losses are investigated. The results indicated that, the cooling of the blade causes substantial increase in the boundary layer thickness and the secondary loss compared with that of uncooled blade. Also, the total loss increases as the flow moves in the direction of downstream and approaching the trailing edge. The comparison between the combined and internal cooling indicates that, the boundary layer thickness and the cooling effectiveness are higher in case of combined cooling which means more efficient in such applications.}, keywords = {Gas turbine,heat transfer,cooling effectiveness,cascade losses}, url = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71323.html}, eprint = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71323_e71254ff1c91b843b699f2f1a187bfab.pdf} } @article { author = {Elmestekawi, M. T. and Bayoumi, M.A. and El-Zoghby, Y.}, title = {INVESTIGATION ON CORROSION PROTECTION OF INTERNAL COATED CRUDE OIL PIPELINES}, journal = {ERJ. Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {23}, number = {2}, pages = {67-88}, year = {2000}, publisher = {Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-1180}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.21608/erjm.2000.71325}, abstract = {e proper choice of coatin internal coating for cru 8 e resins based paints have been samples. The surfaces of before application of different surfaces profil of treated testex tape. The corrosion different corrodin media, has been methodolo ies. st, through weight loss method and secondly, % y potentio ynamic and potentlostatic electrochemical methods. The corroding media have been selected based on the expected environments that a pipeline in the petroleum industry can possibly meet.These environments are mainly restricted into two main types of corrodants, namely, saline water with different concentrations and acidic solution of about 0.1M HC1. The results show that it is possible to rely on the accelerated electrochemical methods in order to predict the durability of the coating material against different corroding media. The study also reveals that some pes of epoxy resins are superior in corrosion protection an a durability against saline water and acidic corrosive media as compared to the others.}, keywords = {corrosion of pipes,polymer coating,oil field corrosion,corrosion protection,epoxy paints}, url = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71325.html}, eprint = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71325_fd88116bd479a277accb47b898f3fe6a.pdf} } @article { author = {Mousa, I. and Elmestekawi, M.T.}, title = {Effect of Superheating on Properties of Aluminium-Silicon Castings.}, journal = {ERJ. Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {23}, number = {2}, pages = {89-103}, year = {2000}, publisher = {Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-1180}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.21608/erjm.2000.71327}, abstract = {This paper indicated that the strength and hardness of Al-Si alloys are, influenced slightly by superheating and Si content. However the ductility (6) is affected markedly by pouring temperature (i.e. superheating) and Si content too. For the hypereutectic Al-Si alloy the pouring temperature must be as minimum as possible to obtain the best properties. The Si segregation is influenced also by the Si content.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71327.html}, eprint = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71327_62220aca06549277a89516c660e9500b.pdf} } @article { author = {Radwan, T. S .}, title = {High Performance Three-Phase Boost-Type Voltage Regulator}, journal = {ERJ. Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {23}, number = {2}, pages = {105-117}, year = {2000}, publisher = {Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-1180}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.21608/erjm.2000.71328}, abstract = {In this paper a new high performance three-phase boost-type voltage regulator is proposed. A control strategy, that provides regulated ac output voltage with low hy￾monic contents is suggested. The new boost regulator has nearly unity input power factor for a change in the load voltage up to 200% of the supply voltage. The four-quadrant nature of the proposed regulator enables it to accept reactive loads. Theoretical analysis and hardware implementation are developed. The results show the efficacy of the pro￾posed regulator.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71328.html}, eprint = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71328_90713ad0c1e15bcab6d11f20afac7dee.pdf} } @article { author = {Mahmoud, N. H. and Singh, U. K.}, title = {Wetness and Losses Control Using Geometry Considerations in Low Pressure Stages of Steam Turbines}, journal = {ERJ. Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {23}, number = {2}, pages = {119-149}, year = {2000}, publisher = {Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-1180}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.21608/erjm.2020.71330}, abstract = {This paper is concerned with investigating the effects of some geometrical characteristics of the cascade blades at low-pressure stages in steam turbines on the wet steam flow behaviour. The present work is based on a theoretical model combines a multistage three-dimensional semi￾viscous Euler solver with wet steam theory. Condensation of steam upon the surface of water droplets through the model is obtained on the basis of Lagrangian approach. Whilst the viscous effects in Euler solver are obtained using a body force treatment based on a simple mixing-length model. The blades geometrical characteristics is changed in the present study by cutting the blade at the trailing edge zone vertically and horizontally, or by profiling the blade end-wall. Present predictions show how the profiling of such a blade trailing edge and end wall are used separately or together to adjust and control both the flow behaviour and the situations of wetness accumulation. The present model predictions are in good agreement with the available experimental data.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71330.html}, eprint = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71330_8752a80dba380d057ff70882bac8f1bf.pdf} } @article { author = {Shaaban, H .}, title = {A NEW TRANSIENT STABILITY APPROACH APPLIED m MULTI MACHINE POWER SYSTEM}, journal = {ERJ. Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {23}, number = {2}, pages = {151-178}, year = {2000}, publisher = {Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-1180}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.21608/erjm.2000.71332}, abstract = {The work aims at developing a new stability approach used to cany out transient stability studies of a rnultimachine power system when the generator int~rnsl voltage components E' and E' d are changing with the time. Consider￾ing the generator mechanical damping and the generator control systems ( that is, the vol~dge regulator and speed governor), each generator is represented by a 6th-order dynamic model, then the mathenlatical model of the whole system is derived. Applying the decomposition-aggresdion method, the system is de￾composed by using the triple-wise decomposition. Then avector Lyapunov function is constructed and used for aggregating the system. An aggregation matrix is obtained. the stability of which implies asymptotic stability of the sy￾stem equilibrium state. As an iiiustsative example, the developed stability approach is used to ca- 1ry out transient stability studies of a i'machine, 14-bus power system assumi￾ng a %phase short c~rcnit (with successfill reclosure) near a generator,or a load, bus. The faulted line is tripped out for clearing the fault. An estimate for the sy￾stem asymptotic stability dom& is determined and used to determine directly the critical time for reconnectin? the isolated Ime. It is found that the proposed}, keywords = {}, url = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71332.html}, eprint = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71332_37eced5779385d3c5895d565e58a3cfd.pdf} } @article { author = {Samak, Salem and Maher, Bilal}, title = {SPEEDING UP ROBOT MANIPULATORS WITH ELASTIC JOINTS}, journal = {ERJ. Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {23}, number = {2}, pages = {179-185}, year = {2000}, publisher = {Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-1180}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.21608/erjm.2000.71338}, abstract = {The dynamic formulations of manipulators lead to a set of highly nonlinear and strongly coupled differential equations which represents the dynamic model of a manipulator. Beside many other forces, this model describes the actuator forces (or torques) which cause the manipulator joints to move. In this paper, manipu￾lator joints are modeled as elastic springs with joint stiffness in order to impose elastic forces to the dynamic system model and to monitor their influences when speeding up the manipulator end-effector. The kinematic relationships are described by using the zero-reference-position method. Both the inverse and direct dynamics problems are developed by appl~ng Kane's dynamical equations as an analytical tool. A Stanford-type manipulator is considered as a numerical example. The implications of the results are monitored, compared and justified.}, keywords = {Manipulators,Robotics,Joint Stiffness,Joint Elasticity,Precision}, url = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71338.html}, eprint = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71338_4fd744aa864acb2488d519d276202800.pdf} } @article { author = {ElSbaie, Azzam, Attia}, title = {AUTOMATIC TRACKING SYSTEM FOR SOLAR CELLS}, journal = {ERJ. Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {23}, number = {2}, pages = {187-193}, year = {2000}, publisher = {Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-1180}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.21608/erjm.2000.71342}, abstract = {The purpose of this paper is designing and study the performance of PV tracking system to get maximum power output. A suggested automatic tracking system to make PV system oriented always facing perpendicular to the sun along a day time, since sunrise tell sunset is presented . This tracking system consists of sensors, comparator circuits to get the direction of motion and to drive stepper motors until get the equilibrium which is facing and perpendicular to the sun. Two tracking subsystems are designed for the proposed automatic closed loop tracking system. These are one for horizontal equilibrium and the other for vertical ones.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71342.html}, eprint = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71342_8b8982e3ed5c227d73a2a824132f0a61.pdf} } @article { author = {EL-SHEBINY, M.}, title = {VOLTAGE STABILIZATION OF A THREE-PHASE INDUCTION MACHINES CONNECTED AS A SINGLE-PHASE GENERATOR}, journal = {ERJ. Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {23}, number = {2}, pages = {195-209}, year = {2000}, publisher = {Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-1180}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.21608/erjm.2000.71345}, abstract = {In rcmote itreas and high zone situations it is ncccssitry to use it single￾phase generator to he emplo?.ed as a stitndhy unit, n.herc ;I single wire cirrth return system is found to he cconomical to install. In this pitper, it three-phaw induction mitcliinc is connected its ill1 *. isolatc(l self-excited single-phitse generator. I hc possibility of operating this gcncrittor through the use of an excited cirpitcitor is outlined. Thc effect of the excited capilcitor is obtained for loitdcd and unloirtlccl opec~tions. The cspcrimental system is usid to study the effect of gcnCrittor speed on its loading 01' the generator. \loreover the output \.olritgc of the gcncrittor is stabilized using the designid paritmetes thr it tiscil capacitor thyristor controlled inductor schcme. This scheme is usctl to regulate the generator tcrrninal voltage I>>. controlling the thyristors tiring itnglc. This is clone hy ;~djusting the self cscitwtion to maintain thc t~rl~initl wtlagc consti~nt over it wide range of loading.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71345.html}, eprint = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71345_92fdcd604781ecf7b056aa1c6479edd6.pdf} } @article { author = {SHOKRALLA, SS. and EL-SHIBINY, M.E.}, title = {DYNAMIC AND STEADY-STATE PERFORMANCE OF A SYMMETRICAL ANGLE CONTROLLED DC MOTOR}, journal = {ERJ. Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {23}, number = {2}, pages = {211-230}, year = {2000}, publisher = {Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-1180}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.21608/erjm.2000.71347}, abstract = {In this paper, a complete modelling and numerical simulation are given for a system consisting of a separately-excited dc motor fed from an AC to DC symetrical angle controlled converter through a Bridge rectifier and a power MOSFET. This work prcsents a detailed theoretical analysis and experimental results to improve the power factor via this converter. The differential equations describing the system behaviour in the different modes of aperation are given. Both transient and steady-state conditions are obtained by solving these equations numerically. Moreover, the effect of control voltage of the converter on the system performance is investigated. The computed performance is verified experimentally where close agreement .between the computed and test results is achieved. The results show that the present modelling and numerical simulation is accurate and convenient to obtin the speed controller parameters for closed loop speed control in order to provide specific response}, keywords = {}, url = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71347.html}, eprint = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71347_3e1428625cc69fc929965ccd5de44b7c.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel-kader, F.E. and Abou Mobarka, A.E. and Abouel-fadi, W.S.}, title = {Performance Analysis of Pole Amplitude Modulation Motors}, journal = {ERJ. Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {23}, number = {2}, pages = {231-246}, year = {2000}, publisher = {Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-1180}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.21608/erjm.2000.71348}, abstract = {Induction motor operated with pole amplitude modulation technique is to give two speeds or more. The motor parameters are modified for each speed. These parameters are function of the motor number of poles, number of stator series turns per phase, stator winding factor and type of operation. The parameters of a tested motor are calculated taking into account the above factors at two speeds 1500 & 3000 r.p.m. The performance characteristics of the motor are calculated based on the equivalent circuit and compared with experimental results.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71348.html}, eprint = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71348_68d155ee7cfe8cd66d39f9ae45798dd0.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Khouly, F.M. and Abdel Kader, F.E.}, title = {Artificial Neural Network - based Efficiency Maximization of a Variable Frequency Induction Motor Drive}, journal = {ERJ. Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {23}, number = {2}, pages = {247-259}, year = {2000}, publisher = {Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-1180}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.21608/erjm.2000.71349}, abstract = {There exists a combination of stator voltage and frequency which results in maximum efficiency for a given induction motor under a specified speed and load condition. This optimal operating point is calculated over the complete speed and load torque range using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN). It is shown that maximum efficiency can be achieved compared to the conventional volthertz control method. Theoretical results are presented as well as an experimental confirmation of them.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71349.html}, eprint = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71349_411dacca527dc64eafb8e1dea5aefdc3.pdf} } @article { author = {Rahil, Abo El- Hassan M.}, title = {STUDYING THE FEASIBLTY OF TOTAL STATION IN ARCHITECTRAL SURVEY AS COMPARE TO THE CONVENTIONAL CLOSE-RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRIC TECHNIQUE}, journal = {ERJ. Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {23}, number = {2}, pages = {261-274}, year = {2000}, publisher = {Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-1180}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.21608/erjm.2000.71351}, abstract = {In this work, the total station survey and the analytical photogrammetry, were uesd in architectural photogrammetry.In this stue, a test site was used for the comparison between the total station survey and the analytical photogrammtry and for experimental determination of the accuracy of the total station survey .Two facades fiom the test site were photographed with a metric camera, using single and. convergent photographs. The accuracy of both the close range photogrammetry and the total station techniques in architectural surves was detrmined by, comparing the obtained coordinates with the original check points coordinates of the test site. The results indicated that, the total station technique results are conform with the correspond close range photogrammetric results, but more economic and simple to applied}, keywords = {Architectural photogrammetry,analytical photogrammetry,total station}, url = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71351.html}, eprint = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71351_00f112e02d4acaf62989abe1e5953823.pdf} } @article { author = {Atia, Kamal A. and Rahil, Abo El-Hassan M. and Abo- Gohim, F.}, title = {A MORE SIMPLE ALTERNATIVE FOR THE SOLUTION OF THE SECOND ORDER DESIGN PROBLEM OF GEODETIC NETWORKS}, journal = {ERJ. Engineering Research Journal}, volume = {23}, number = {2}, pages = {275-289}, year = {2000}, publisher = {Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-1180}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.21608/erjm.2000.71354}, abstract = {A more simple alternative for the solution of the second order design problem of geodetic networks with respect to realization of the results has been developed. One of the main poblemes, which can arise when solving the SOD problem is that, the resulting weight vector may not reproduce a cofactor matrix, which ensures the criteria requerements, in some parts of the network, or all over the network. In this paper, this problem is treated by modifying the resulting weight vector linearly, by its multiplication by a scaler value . Numerical examples are given to illustrate its application.The commercial "Matlab" program was used to solve the case studies}, keywords = {}, url = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71354.html}, eprint = {https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71354_4567d7ca87ed88d8a1329d6a0ec13674.pdf} }