ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Hydraulic and Environment Effect of El-Ain-Al Sokhna Power Plant
The demand on electrical power in Egypt increase to supply industrial and public utility needs. In this manner new power plants are being constructed at different spots in Egypt in order to meet that demand. El-Ain-Al Sokhna super critical steam turbine (2*650 MW) has been operated in 2012. It is located 52Km south Suez city The Power Plant uses a direct once through cooling system using water taken from the Suez Gulf and discharged with higher temperature . The discharge of processed water which has higher temperature affects both physical and chemical properties of water. It changes its density, vapour pressure, viscosity, surface tension, gas solubility, diffusion, and chemical reactions which have influence on the local physical, chemical and ecological of marine environment. This paper studies the hydraulic and environment impact of the El-Ain-Al Sokhna power plant on the surrounding area under different wind conditions and tidal forces using numerical modeling. A hydrodynamic model for the study area has been developed using Delft3D. Data for site description, water levels, velocity measurements, wind data and water quality have been collected and used in model setup and calibration. Different scenarios have been simulated under different tidal and wind conditions .The effect of changing the intake location and the feasibility of adding a breakwater to minimize the entrance of thermal plume from the El-Ain-Al Sokhna power plant and Suez Gulf power plant outfalls have been studied .The temperature distribution results have been compared with the environmental regulations Dimension analysis of the factors affecting the temperature distribution and an equation for the intake temperature have been developed.
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_66921_c014a006abb67ca4b71ea5c05142f276.pdf
2014-07-01
357
363
10.21608/erjm.2014.66921
Environmental
Power Plant
intake
Breakwater
Yousra
Khairy
1
Engineer, Hydraulics Research Institute ,National Water Research Center
AUTHOR
Esam
Helal
esameman@yahoo.com
2
Lecturer, Faculty of Engineering, Minofia University
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Sobeih
3
Professor, Faculty of Engineering, Minofia University
AUTHOR
Khaled
Ramadan
4
Professor, Hydraulics Research Institute ,National Water Research Center
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of adsorption to desorption air mass ratio on the performance of double bed desiccant dehumidification system
In the present work, experimental investigation of the performance of double bed desiccant dehumidification system has been carried out. The two desiccant beds operate simultaneously. When one of the two beds functions as an adsorber, the second operates as a regenerator. In this investigation, silica gel is applied as the desiccant material. Hot air from an air heater is blown through the regenerated bed using an air blower. System performance at different conditions of flowing air is demonstrated. The experimental tests were carried out at different conditions of inlet air and initial bed parameters. Temperature and humidity of air at the inlet and exit of the bed were measured. The effect of adsorption to desorption air mass ratio is examined. In the present study, it is found that 63% regeneration to total air mass ratio is the optimum value.
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_66923_3874b06fb5ea6fe6b308543d3dbc6fa0.pdf
2014-07-01
331
336
10.21608/erjm.2014.66923
Desiccant
Dehumidification
Adsorption
Regeneration
Silica gel
Y.A.F.
El-Samadony
1
Mechanical Power Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Theoretical Performance Comparison of Stepped Solar Still Using Different Nanofluids
In the present work, theoretical performance comparison of stepped solar still using different nanofluids is performed. Four nano fluids are used in this study. The used nano- particles are aluminium oxide, Copper oxide, Titanmum dioxide, and Silicon oxide. The effect of nano-particles volume fraction on the still daily productivity and efficiency are studied. The estimated cost to produce one distalled liter for conventional and stepped solar stills with and without nano-particles is obtained. It is found that using a nano-fluid may slightly increase the still productivity. Finally a good agreement between the present theoretical work and previous experimental results has been obtained.
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_66925_45ce46c8d1d8a1eef96601a867f3e9f3.pdf
2014-07-01
337
343
10.21608/erjm.2014.66925
stepped solar still, distillation
nano-fluid
nano-particle, theoretical
Y. A. F.
El-Samadony
1
Mechanical Power Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Egypt
AUTHOR
S. A.
El-Agouz
2
Mechanical Power Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Egypt
AUTHOR
A.E.
Kabeel
3
Mechanical Power Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
عيوب الصنعة ومادة العمل بين التشريع والممارسة دراسة في أحکام التقنين المدني المصري
من أهم المخاطر التي تهدد الإقتصاد المصري, إنهيار المنشآت ولا سيما الحديثة منها؛ ويرجع ذلک لعدة أسباب منها ماهو مرتبط بمرحلة التشغيل ومنها ماهو مرتبط بمرحلة التنفيذ, وتعتبر الآثار الناجمة عن إخلال طرفي التعاقد بالإلتزام الرئيسي المتعلق بکيفية إنجاز العمل أحد أهم مخاطر تنفيذ مشروعات التشييد, وتستعرض هذه الدراسة هذا الإلتزام من الناحية التشريعية وما يترتب على الإخلال به, وما أوجه القصور المعرفي أو التشريعي في أحکام عقد المقاولة بالتقنين المدني المصري وتأويلاته لتجنب عيوب الصنعة ومادة العمل؛ ثم تعرض الدراسة إلى أحد أوجه الضعف والقوة بمؤهلات المهندس المصري أثناء الممارسة العملية لتجنب عيوب الصنعة ومادة العمل, ووضعها أمام الجهات المعنية للإسترشاد نحو مدى الاحتياج لقياسات مؤهلات المهندس, للتخطيط نحو تطوير استراتيجيات التدريب والتأهيل.
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_66929_3413967337e8468e55db3318c4ec8996.pdf
2014-07-01
345
356
10.21608/erjm.2014.66929
إدارة التشييد
عيوب الصنعة ومادة العمل
فاطمة عبد المحيي
عجرمة
1
بقسم الهندسة المدنية - کلية الهندسة - جامعة المنوفية
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Sensitivity of Pixel-Based Classifiers to Training Sample Size in Case of High Resolution Satellite Imagery
Thematic maps representing the characteristics of the Earth’s surface have been widely used as a primary input in many land related studies. Classification of remotely sensed images is an effective way to produce these maps. The value of the map is clearly a function of the accuracy of the classification. Selecting proper size of samples and classification method are essential issues to produce accurate thematic maps. In the present study, training data sets at various sizes used to investigate the effect of the training set size on the classification accuracy. Six supervised classification methods with different characteristics were applied to produce land use/land cover thematic map of the study area. The used classifier include: Parallelepiped, Minimum Distance, Mahalanobis Distance, Maximum Likelihood, Neural Network and Support Vector Machine (SVM). The results showed that optimum sample size differs from classifier to another. In the case of limited number of training pixels, SVM and maximum likelihood classifiers produced higher classification accuracies than the rest of classifiers.
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_66931_1baf4b8fc6d7a9e85a34582bed349f6c.pdf
2014-07-01
365
370
10.21608/erjm.2014.66931
M. I.
Doma
1
Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Menoufia University, Egypt
AUTHOR
M. S.
Gomaa
2
Surveying Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Benha University, Egypt
AUTHOR
R. A.
Amer
3
GIS & Surveying Engineer, Menofya Governorate, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Recurrent Neural Networks Based Differential Protection of Power Transformers
Power transformers are important electrical equipments that need fast protection, because of their essential role in power system operation and their expensive cost. The most common technique used to protect the transformer is the differential relay, but it doesn't provide discrimination between internal fault and inrush currents. This paper presents an algorithm based on recurrent neural network (RNN) as a differential protection for three phase two windings transformer. The algorithm uses both the primary and secondary currents and second order harmonics of currents to discriminate between internal fault and inrush currents. A comparison among the performance of three neural networks based classifiers is presented. These networks are: FFBPNN (feed forward back propagation), cascade-forward back propagation network (CFBPNN), and proposed recurrent network (RNN). The transformer fault conditions are simulated using PSCAD/EMTDC in order to obtain the primary and secondary current signals. These current signals are used to train and test the neural networks which implemented by Matlab/Simulink. The test results prove that the RNN is stable and give good behaviors for different fault conditions. It is more reliable for recognition of transformer inrush and internal fault currents.
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_66932_dc536b93e5e9371e0ab791565bbce743.pdf
2014-07-01
305
314
10.21608/erjm.2014.66932
Neural network
Recurrent Neural Network
Feed Forward Network
Cascade-forward back propagation
transformer fault
differential protection
A. Y.
Hatata
1
Electrical Engineering Dept., Faculty of Eng., Mansoura University
AUTHOR
M. S.
Kandil
2
Electrical Engineering Dept., Faculty of Eng., Mansoura University
AUTHOR
M.M.I.
El-Shamoty
3
Electrical Engineering Dept., Faculty of Eng., Mansoura University
AUTHOR
A.
El-Saeed
4
Electrical Engineering Dept., Faculty of Eng., Mansoura University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
SENSORLESS INDUCTION MOTOR DIRECT TORQUE CONTROL BASED ON MODEL REFERENCE ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS
The classical direct torque control (DTC) system of three phase induction motor suffers from many drawbacks such as the need for motor speed sensor, flux and torque ripples, and constancy of the stator resistance in the DTC controller. In this paper a sensorless system based on Model Reference Adaptive System (MRAS) is designed to estimate the rotor speed without using encoder. The classical and MRAS systems are compared. Computer simulation proves the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed MRAS for estimating the motor speed over the classical one.
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_66933_a0a26a1eb9982ee167be5440b31497b9.pdf
2014-07-01
315
321
10.21608/erjm.2014.66933
Induction motor
Direct torque control
Model reference adaptive system
Hamid M.B.
Metwally
1
Department of Electrical power and machines, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University
AUTHOR
Sameh I.
Selem
2
Department of Electrical power and machines, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University
AUTHOR
Alhassan H.M.
Alattar
3
Department of Electrical power and machines, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
CONTROL TECHNIQUES FOR LOSSES REDUCTION IN WIND TURBINE DOUBLY-FED INDUCTION GENERATOR
This paper presents the performance of different reactive power control strategies for reduction of the losses in doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) drives. The proposed strategy achieves its goal through controlling the decoupled active and reactive power flow in the machine and in the converters. Considering the machine-copper losses, converters loss and filter loss, the proposed method is derived. The modeling of the DFIG-based wind turbine along with its control strategy is designed using Matlab/Simulink environment and the results show the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_66935_994b7379b68cd844ec1b6527dcc67c8d.pdf
2014-07-01
323
329
10.21608/erjm.2014.66935
Wind energy
doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)
reactive power control
loss-minimization
Ahmed S.
Serry
1
3Electrical Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Port-Said, Port-Said University, Egypt 4Electrical Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Shebin El-Kom, Minoufiya University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Medhat H.
El-Far
2
3Electrical Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Port-Said, Port-Said University, Egypt 4Electrical Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Shebin El-Kom, Minoufiya University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Ahmed E.
Kalas
3
3Electrical Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Port-Said, Port-Said University, Egypt 4Electrical Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Shebin El-Kom, Minoufiya University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Fathy E.
Abdel-Kader
4
3Electrical Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Port-Said, Port-Said University, Egypt 4Electrical Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Shebin El-Kom, Minoufiya University, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Power Factor Correction for Three- Phase AC-AC Buck Regulator
This paper presents a new configuration of a three-phase AC-AC buck regulator to operate with a three phase inductive loads with a reduced number of controlled switches. It has a simple control with excellent performance. The proposed circuit has high efficiency for adjusting AC power; because it is composed of fewer switches and DC snubbers. The proposed regulator restrains more harmonics of output voltage and the input current flows continuously, thus a nearly unity input power factor is achieved. Also harmonics of input current and load current are almost negligible. The proposed method is implemented using a zero-crossing processing, which allows a greater accuracy than other methods. By simulation, these characteristics are investigated theoretically, and to correlate the measurements with theory, an experimental setup is presented to confirm the simulation results. ل
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_66937_27ea7b406cde686872eae5562cdee654.pdf
2014-07-01
293
303
10.21608/erjm.2014.66937
AC-AC converter
power factor correction
harmonic distortion
hysteresis control
zerocrossing detector
Osama M. Ali
Salem
1
Mechanical& electrical research institute National water research Centre, Egypt
AUTHOR
Haitham Z.
Azazi
2
Department of electrical Engineering Faculty of engineering Menoufiya University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Azza E.
Lashine
3
Department of electrical Engineering Faculty of engineering Menoufiya University, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
التوافق بين الهوية وتنمية المجتمعات والتغاير العالمي في المباني الثقافية مباني المتاحف الحديثة
استوعبت مباني المتاحف الکثير من المتغيرات من مجرد الحفاظ علي الثقافات الماضية الي التغيير في الشکل والتشکيل والمدمج مع العمران الحاضر بثقافته وتعرض الدراسة مفهوم انثروبولوجيا المتاحف واهمية دور المتاحف في تنمية المجتمع المحلي والسياحة الثقافية لتکون مراکز تعبر عن الثقافات والهوية ونشر واحياء التراث الانساني في المحيط العمراني من خلال الفکرة المعمارية التي تعبر عن هوية المجتمع
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_67422_3d046e75bf310e245444470b4fd9ab5a.pdf
2014-07-01
247
257
10.21608/erjm.2014.67422
تنمية ثقافية
تصميم متاحف
الهوية ثقافة العولمة
مدن المعرفة
ناهد احمد
عمران
1
مدرس بالاکاديمية الحديثة للهندسة والتکنولوجيا قسم الهندسة المعمارية
AUTHOR