Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
1110-1180
31
3
2008
07
01
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE OF PROMISING DISTRIBUTED GENERATING UNIT
235
243
EN
Ahmed N.
Azmy
Department ofElectrical Power and Machines Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
Tanta University, Tanta, Egyp
. F. ,
EL-Dosar
Department ofElectrical Power and Machines Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
Tanta University, Tanta, Egyp
G.
El-Saeed
Department ofElectrical Power and Machines Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
, M.
EL-Khazenda
Department ofElectrical Power and Machines Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
10.21608/erjm.2008.69540
The deregulation and liberalization of electricity market besides the increasing interest of'carbon <br />emissions and eliminating unnecessary transmission and distribution costs encourage the utilization of <br />Distributed Generation "DG. Therefore, DG is expected to penetrate within electrical power systems in <br />the near future in the form of small generating sources located clo~e to load centres. This paper <br />discusses the dynamic performance of some promising Distributed Generating (DG) units. The selected <br />units in this study are the wind turbine, the fuel cell, the micro turbine and the hybrid fuel cell-micro <br />turbine unit. The objective is to compare.among the dynamic pirformances of such units to evaluate <br />their behaviour under different operating conditions. Detailed models fdr the selected units including the <br />thermal description of the fuel cell are presented. The investigation study concentrates on the operation <br />of the DG units with an isolated load. Extensive simulation results are introduced to enable the <br />comparison among different units.
Distributed generation,Dynamic modelling,Fuel cell,Hybrid fuel cell-micro turbine,Micro turbine,Wind turbine
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_69540.html
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_69540_c6fb815df8c2ce445a443891ec70d57c.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
1110-1180
31
3
2008
07
01
ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK BASED SPACE-VECTOR PWM INVERTER
245
249
EN
Iinadeddin A.
Abdalla
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
University of Garyounis
10.21608/erjm.2008.69542
In this paper, a neural network is designed and learned to accommodate the SVPWM switching <br />method. The selection of SVPWM (digital PWM method) as ANN application was chosen because <br />it is nonlinear problem and more sophisticated problem multilevel inverters. The ANN will be <br />given good results in the real time systems. The learning of neural network was backpropagation <br />method, and the neural network onrput is used to gating the inverter switches, fmally obtained <br />intelligent inverter that responds to any new parameters another of that used. to learning it: Neural <br />network design, learning, inverter output, and harmonic analysis are accomplished by using CU <br />language. The obtained results are verified by comparison with SVPWM inverter. The ANN <br />invmer gives very satisfied results according to the inverter criterions.
ANN,SVPWM,digital PWM,harmonic analysis
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_69542.html
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_69542_d5a9d96f1a7123d3082a838c05dc0263.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
1110-1180
31
3
2008
07
01
IMPACT RESISTANCE OF RUBBERIZED CONCRETE
265
271
EN
H. E. M.
Sallam
Materials Engineering Deparment, Zag~ig University, Zagazig, Egypt
A. S.
Sherbini
Materials Engineering Deparment, Zag~ig University, Zagazig, Egypt
M. H.
Seleem
Materials Engineering Deparment, Zag~ig University, Zagazig, Egypt
M. M.
Balaha
Materials Engineering Deparment, Zag~ig University, Zagazig, Egypt
10.21608/erjm.2008.69543
In the present paper, an experimental work was carried out to study the effect of ground waste tire <br />rubber addition on the mechanical properties and impact resistance of normal strength concrete <br />(NSC) with and without silica fume. Three different volume ratios of cnunb rubber (lo%, 20%, <br />and 30%) were used as a partial replacement of sand. Two different sizes of cylinders were tested <br />, under indirect tension test to study the size effect. Impact compression according to ACI <br />Committee 544's repeated drop-weight impact test was carried out on discs of 150 mm diameter <br />, . <br />' ana 63 mm height. Test results showed that, the replacement of fine aggregate by 10% crumb <br />, . rubber caused a small decrease in concrete compressive strength. The presence of crumb rubber of <br />:,. small size in concrete increased its resistance to crack initiation under impact load. Tbe rubber of <br />small sue bas no varticle brid.eiua effect, hence, the mode of failure of rubberized concrete under <br />static and impact ~ompression&a~ the s&e as that of plain concrete. The ACI impact test failed to <br />differentiate between the impact resistance of rubberized concretes with different rubber contents.
Rubberized concrete,Impact resistance,Drop weight impact tesS Silica fume
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_69543.html
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_69543_fef79dcb5eec27141f891219f2af6ecc.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
1110-1180
31
3
2008
07
01
THE INFLUENCJ3 OF PRECEDENCE TECHNIQUES APPLICATION TO TRE PAVEMENT NETWORK FUNCTION
273
280
EN
Essam A.
Sharaf
Faculty ofBng'neering,
Cairo University, EGYPT
10.21608/erjm.2008.69544
Precedence setting techniques as used in the Pavement Maintenance Management Systems <br />(PMMS) cover.a,wide spectrum of methods and approaches ranging from simple precedence lists <br />based on engineering judgment to complex network optimization models. In this pap&, three <br />precedence setting techniques are presented along with the results of their applications using data <br />collected from the Egyptian road nehvrk. The first technique is a simple ranking one in which <br />four ranking measures was used in the analysis: (i) lowest Life cycle cost; (ii) worst condition iirst; <br />(iii) highest traffic and (iv) highest benefithost ratio. The second technique is a combined ranking <br />technique based on relative weights assigned to the above mentioned four ranking measures. <br />Finally, the third technique is a linear programming optimization model, which considers both <br />time (current and future) and space (entire network). A comparison between the three techniques, <br />in terms of network condirion over rime and in terms of budget deficit over time, is in <br />the oaver. The results indicated a considerable difference in future network oerformance under the
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_69544.html
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_69544_e155145946ac829cf962e5979d1e02a3.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
1110-1180
31
3
2008
07
01
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS AND SIMULATION OF A GRID 'CONNECTED THREE-PHASE INDUCTION GENERATOR
251
257
EN
Salem A.
El-Saiah
Department of Ejectrical and Elecfronjcs Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
University of Garyounis, Benghazi -LIBYA
S. M.
selim
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shebin El-Kom
Minoufiya University, Egypt.
10.21608/erjm.2008.69545
This paper aims to study the performance of a three-phase Induction Generator lJG) connected to <br />the power utility grid. For this study, a complete analysis and simulation of a smaIL wind power <br />system (SWPS) based on direct modeling techniques has been presented. A theoretical~dlysis is <br />reported to clarifymg the system under consideration. A mathematical model associated with each <br />component in the (SWS) is developed. The method of interconnection has also been:discussed. <br />Finally, a finite nuii&,ki!of disturbances associated with such wind power systems are introduced <br />and a demonstration results such as terminal voltage, stator current, power, and speed at different <br />modes of operation are depicted and discussed.
Induction Generator (IG),Small Wind Power System (SWPS),performance,Simulation
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_69545.html
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_69545_153463f3c143daa6baead0369df5ed83.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
1110-1180
31
3
2008
07
01
THE IMPACT OF PAVEMENT CONDITION ON THE TRAFFIC ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
281
289
EN
Fathy Mahmoud
Mandee
Faculty of Engineering,
Zagazig University, EGYPT
10.21608/erjm.2008.69547
In addition to its positive impact on the growth and prosperity of the national economy and its <br />importance for satisfying our individual needs for mobility, road transport also has adverse effects: <br />accidents, noise, air pollution, harm to health, crop damage, jams, etc. The outside factors <br />that have adverse &act on the pavement are environmeht, trafiic and pavement maintenance <br />techniques. Pavement maintenance is carried out to reduce the rate of pavement deterioration and <br />subsequently the negative impact of traffic environmental pollution. <br />An effective pavement maintenance program will address pavements, while they are still in good <br />condition and before the onset of serious damage. By applying a cost-effective treatment at the <br />right time, the pavement is restored almost to its original condifion. The cumulative effect of <br />systematic, successive maintenance treatments is to postpone costly rehabilitation and <br />reconstruction. Deferring of pavement maintenance leads to more deterioration of pavement, <br />reduction of operating speed and then more pollution to air. The impact on health, welfare and the <br />natural environment are considerable sensitive and having an intangible costs caused by 'them; <br />These costs are mainly external not covered by the polluters (the motorists) but imposed on <br />everybody. External costs cause. a problem to the economy, as they are not included in the market <br />price, which leads to wrong decisions and to a wasting of scarce 8nd vital resources (cleh air, <br />silence, clean water, etc.). Motorists behave as if those costs do not exist, since they do not have to <br />pay for them. <br />The objective of this paper is to quantify the influence of pavement condition status on the <br />environment issue represented by Carbon Monoxide (CO) emission values. To achieve this, the <br />paperconsists of four main parts. The first part includes an overview of pavement condition <br />evaluation and the intended performance prediction models. In the second part, a description of the <br />relation between pavement condition and traffic speed will be discussed with the required <br />correlating models..The.third part includes quantification of air pollution results from traffic speed <br />reduction within anticipated models. Finally, the offect of pavement condition on traffic <br />environment pollution was identified witbin an analysis to practical data of different road sections. <br />The results. indicate th~t pe enviyovt willbe affected by 0.276,0.176, 0.314,0.333, 0.279 and <br />0.513 ton of CO daily and accumulated iife cycle emissions values; 744.57, 466.58, 799.66, <br />688.88, 841.17 and 97?.14 ton for .the studied sections respectively depending on variables of <br />pavement cogditiqn and traffic volume. The pavement condition has a major impact on the <br />environment than the ,traffic volume as defmed hereinafter. There is a direct proportional of <br />payem@ condition with traffic speed and subsequently an inverse relation with the environment <br />emission values, which will affect to the economy and welfare of people.
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_69547.html
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_69547_870cf8f25eaf3dfa13e4343a2213c588.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
1110-1180
31
3
2008
07
01
STRENGTH AND ABRASION RESISTANCE OF RECYCLED LEAD 'SLAG MORTAR AT HIGH TEMPERATURES
291
298
EN
M. H.
Seleem
Materials Engineering Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
10.21608/erjm.2008.69558
The effect of high teteinperatures on the compressive strength and abrasion resistance of mortar <br />fabricated by using lead' slag extracted from recycling of the spent batteries in the homely <br />workshops as fine aggregates was experimentally investigated. The tine lead slag (FLS) was used <br />as a partial replacement of the total'fine aggregate (TFA), sand, by different percentages ofvolume <br />(FLSffEA = 0, 10,20,30 and 40%). Test specimens were subjected to high temperatures ranging <br />from 200°C to 700°C step 100°C. The exposure time after reaching the desired target temperature <br />kept at two hours. The sequence of the residual unstressed test was followed. The weight loss and <br />the relative compressive strength (strength of heated specimen to that of the corresponding <br />unheated specimen) were determined. The weight loss of the heated and unheated specimens due <br />to exposure to abrasive wear was also calculated. Test results indicated that, at certain FLSfTEA%, <br />the relative compressive strength decreased gradually with high temperature up to 500°C and after <br />that it showed a sudden drop with further increases in temperature. The abrasion resistance <br />decreased with increasing high temperature. The compressive strength and abrasion resistance of <br />mortar increased up to replacement of 20% of sand by F'LS and after that it decreased but still <br />higher than that of 100% sand. Both compressive strength and abrasion resistance of FLS mortar <br />relative to those of 100% sand enhanced clearly with the presence of FLS at temperature above <br />5OO0C
Recycled lead-slag,Mortar,High temperature,Compressive strength,Abrasion Resistance
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_69558.html
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_69558_351c60c75e4a750fea747ff9a7553a59.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
1110-1180
31
3
2008
07
01
EFFECT OF HIGH TEMPERATURE ON THE MECHANICAL STRENGTH OF RUBBERIZED CONCRETE MORTAR
299
306
EN
M. H.
Seleem
EngineehgMaterials Department, Facully of Engineering, Zagmig University, Egypt
M. M.
Balah
EngineehgMaterials Department, Facully of Engineering, Zagmig University, Egypt
h. S.
Khali
EngineehgMaterials Department, Facully of Engineering, Zagmig University, Egypt
E.
Zaki
EngineehgMaterials Department, Facully of Engineering, Zagmig University, Egypt
10.21608/erjm.2008.69550
The development of environmentally accepted methods of used tire disposal is one of the greatest <br />challenges that waste management exped face today. When building materials are subjected to <br />fire and exposed to cooling, some changes may occur in their characteristics; such as phase <br />transformation, weight loss, aggregate-cement bond, etc., which directly affects on its chemical <br />stability and mechanical properties. In the present investigation, the effect of high temperature of <br />the compressive and tensile strengths af concrete mortar fabricated fiom ground waste tire nibber <br />(GWTR) as a paaial replacement of total fine aggregate ('FA), sand, was experimentally <br />investigated. The percentages by volume of GWTRITFA were, 0%, 5%, lo%, 15% and 20%. All <br />mortar samples were prepared and cured using tap water for 28 days, then kept in 1ab;oratory <br />atmosphere until the beginning of the test. The specimens were subjected to different.target <br />temperatures of 100, 200, 300,400 and 500°C. After reaching to the desired target temperature, <br />the specimens were sustained at hesired temperature for 2 hours. After heating the specimens wae <br />allowed to cool at room temperature until the date of the test. The test results showed that all <br />mortar specimens exposed to high temperature suffered a significant decrease in both compressive <br />and tensile strengths. Replacing sand by 5-10% GWTR recorded the highest relative compressive <br />strength, while replacing sand by 10-15% GWTR recorded the highest relative tensile strength' <br />compared with other replacement ratios. The mass loss increased with increasing of temperature <br />up to 500°C and GWTR %. In addition, at high temperature 500°C it was noticed that no cracks <br />appeared on the surface of specimens.
Ground lire rubber,Mortar,High temperature,Compressive strength,tensile strength
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_69550.html
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_69550_cf0addd7efa14cbcb8b051663804e307.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
1110-1180
31
3
2008
07
01
البعد التاريخي لنشأة رياض الأطفال والإتجاهات الحديثة في تصميمها
315
322
EN
أحمد محمد سعيد
لبيب
أدهم جمال الدين
عتمان
کلية الهندسة - جامعة المنوفية
ياسر محمود
مصطفى
کلية الهندسة - جامعة المنوفية
عادل شبل السيد
الجز
کلية الطب - جامعة بنها
10.21608/erjm.2008.69552
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_69552.html
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_69552_5163860f050cd477fbcfeb77074c80d1.pdf