Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
1110-1180
25
3
2002
07
01
Winkler Coefficient for Beams on Elastic Foundation
1
18
EN
Basuony M.
EL-garhy
Lecturer, Civil Eng. Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Minoufiya University
Mostafa M.
osman
Lecturer, Civil Eng. Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Minoufiya University
10.21608/erjm.2002.70869
Using the elastic continuum approach for the analysis ofbeam on elastic <br />foundation, a method is developed to calculate an equivalent coefficient of <br />subgrade reaction k to use in the Winkler model. It is shown that dividing <br />the contact pressure produced from elastic continuum model by the <br />corresponding settlement along the beam length generates length dependent <br />coefficient of subgrade reaction that accurately describes the interaction <br />between the beam and the supporting soils. Results from the developed <br />I equivalent k parameter are compared with those from elastic continuum <br />model and by using different k values predicted by other methods that are <br />currently in use. For uniformly loaded beam, graphs and regression equations <br />are provided from which an equivalent k value at different positions along <br />the beam length (eg, at the center and the edge of the beam) can be <br />calculated as a function of the elastic soil properties and the rigidity of the <br />beam
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70869.html
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70869_caf524ef5cd45189acd809444b1e6c01.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
1110-1180
25
3
2002
07
01
THYRISTOR NEURO-CONTROLLED VAR COMPENSATOR
21
25
EN
Ahmed
Lotfy
AASTMT-Alexandria -Egypt
Ahmed
El-Shenawy
AASTMT-Alexandria -Egypt
Hussien
El-Dessuki
AASTMT-Alexandria -Egypt
10.21608/erjm.2002.70871
A new technique for reactive power compensation "neuro-control" is <br />proposed. The application of such technique overcomes the step-wise voltage <br />compensation associated with switched capacitors. The simulation results show <br />effective compensation of fast power system voltage transients. The proposed <br />technique was found better compared with that which is using classical thyristor <br />switched capacitor.
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70871.html
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70871_a690252450cc72a010d627fceffac80d.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
1110-1180
25
3
2002
07
01
DATA ACQUISITION BASED COMPUTER NUMERICAL CONTROLLED (CNC) MILLING MACHINE
27
37
EN
H. A.
ASHOUR
Arab Academy for Science &Technology
Department of Electrical & Control Engineering
1029 Miami, Alexandria, Egypt
M. M.
FARID
Arab Academy for Science &Technology
Department of Electrical & Control Engineering
1029 Miami, Alexandria, Egypt
A. F.
AMER
Arab Academy for Science &Technology
Department of Electrical & Control Engineering
1029 Miami, Alexandria, Egypt
10.21608/erjm.2002.70875
A study of data acquisition based computer numerical controlled (CNC) prototype 3- <br />axis milling machine is presented. The mechanical construction, electrical drive circuits <br />and the PC-based control system have been experimentally implemented in the Arab <br />Academy for Science and Technology (AAST) control laboratory. A computer aided <br />design (CAD) program has been developed using C-language to Off-Line draw the <br />required milling shape and then On-Line control machine axis motions to get this shape <br />on the work piece. The overall experimental setup construction and main parts are <br />presented. Experimental results of the proposed system are demonstrated.
CAD program,CNC machine,Data acquisition,Reversible drive and P WM
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70875.html
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70875_396c7bf6315147f74fbd6599b18d7589.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
1110-1180
25
3
2002
07
01
INPUT POWER MINIMIZATION FOR DC MOTOR USING AN ANN BASED CONTOLLER
39
51
EN
Sanaa I.
Amer
Electronics Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
10.21608/erjm.2002.70878
This paper presents a controller for tracking the minimum input power for a <br />DC motor, enabling the motor for operate at high efficiency over a widerange <br />of operating points. Also the optimal current ratio between the armature <br />current and the field current which gives minimum losses was obtained by the <br />ANN controller without any measurement of parameters. Simulation results are <br />recorded for step change in the reference speed as well as in the load torque. <br />One ANN controller has been utilized . The simulation results show good <br />dynamic performance and an enhancement of the motor efficiency.
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70878.html
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70878_637fe7510bc0b2106075cbd89bb5d226.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
1110-1180
25
3
2002
07
01
أماکن الترويج في المدينة المصرية المعاصرة
81
123
EN
عاصم محمد
الشاذلي
أستاذ مساعد کلية الهندسة بشبين الکوم - جامعة المنوفبة
10.21608/erjm.2002.70889
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70889.html
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70889_b5290be3837162498e1b032a7d815d73.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
1110-1180
25
3
2002
07
01
The Modern Classification for Planning of the Critical Care Units
125
142
EN
Assem M.
El. Shazly
Ass. Prof. Dr Monefia University
10.21608/erjm.2002.70894
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70894.html
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70894_921ae2856273fcd7839adeab429983a8.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
1110-1180
25
3
2002
07
01
Minimization of Losses in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Using Neural Network
157
172
EN
Mona N.
Eskander
Electronics Research Institute
Cairo, Egypt
10.21608/erjm.2002.70898
111 this paper. niaxinluni efficicnc!. operation of tu.0 t!.pcs of pcri~~ancnt magnct <br />s! ~ichro~ious machine drives. namcl!.. surfacc tqc permamit magiict s!~~~clironous <br />macliinc (SPMSM) and interior t! pc pcr~nancnt magnet s!mhronous machine <br />(IPMSM). are invcst~gated. Thc cf-'ficicnc!. of both drives is iilasimized b! <br />ni~nimizing cupper and iron losses. Loss minimization is implemented using flus <br />\wakening. A neural net\vork controller (NNC) is designed for each drix. to <br />~cI~~c\c loss niini~iiization at difi'crent speeds and load torque valucs. Data lbr <br />trainmg thc NNC arc obtained through off-line s~mulations of SPMSM and IPMSM <br />at di;-Yerent operating conditions. A ccurac!. and fast response of cach NNC is <br />po\.cd b!, appl!x~g sudden clianycs in spccd and ioad and tracking thc NhC output. <br />Thc motors' efficiency obtained by flus ~\cakciiing is coinpared \~ith thc cfficicnc!. <br />obtained whcn setting the d-axis current component to zero. \vliile varying tlie angle <br />of ad\!ancc "cp" of the PWM invcrtcr suppl! ing tlic PMSM drivc. Equal cfficiencics <br />21.c obtained at different valucs of cp. dcri\cd to be f~~nction uf sped and load <br />torque. A NN is also designed. and trarncd to \-ar! cp follo~\inz the dcr~~cdontrol <br />la\\. Thc nccurac!. and fast responsc ofthu NN co~itrolicr is also pro~.cd.
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70898.html
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70898_6660391a966f7f59956a9857b0820287.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
1110-1180
25
3
2002
07
01
INFLUENCE OF FIBER REINFORCED MORTAR ON THE BEHAVIOUR OF MASONRY WALLS MADE OUT OF LOW STRENGTH BRICKS
201
218
EN
MOHAMED H.
MATTHANA
Structural Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering,
EL-Mansoura University, Egypt
AHMED M.
TAHWIA
Structural Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering,
EL-Mansoura University, Egypt
A.H.
ABDEL-REHEEM
Structural Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering,
EL-Mansoura University, Egypt
10.21608/erjm.2002.70904
The present paper investigates the effect of fiber reinforced mortar on the behaviour <br />of brick masonry walls made out of low strength bricks. Both experimental and <br />analytical investigations have been carried out. The experimental study has been <br />carried out on five groups of walls. In four groups, all mortar joints are provided with <br />four various amounts of fiber. The walls of the fifth group are constructed with plain <br />mortar joints for the purpose of comparison. Walls have not been provided with any <br />type of plastering. All walls are subjected to concentrated compressive loading and <br />the cracking patterns and both cracking and ultimate loads are reported. The vertical <br />and lateral strains are also measured at the centerlines of walls. Walls are then taken <br />up for detailed finite element analysis where the various types of stresses in bricks <br />and mortar joints are obtained. The study shows that the reinforced fiber mortar joints <br />increase the load carrying capacity of the wall. The values of both lateral and vertical <br />deformations are slightly increased while; the cracking patterns did not changed.
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70904.html
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70904_3915804b8335c1c1289312af6b31aa9f.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
1110-1180
25
3
2002
07
01
Performance Maximization of Variable Frequency Synchronous Motor Drive Based on Power Loss Control
219
232
EN
G. A.
Ghoneem
Menoufiya University, Shebien El-Kom, Egypt.
10.21608/erjm.2002.70906
This paper presents a novel approach to the establishment of the operational boundary <br />for synchronous motors in variable speed drives. This is based on the strategy of <br />keeping the motor total power loss constant at its rated value with rated output power. <br />Subject to hot spot risks, this is likely to ensure the thermal robustness of the motor at <br />any operating point, independent of motor current and power limits. The proposed <br />strategy of control adjusts the net air-gap flux to achieve the desired speed and maintain <br />the motor total loss within the rated value. The motor operational boundary for a typical <br />motor, under the proposed control strategy, is established and compared with the <br />corresponding boundary under conventional VIF control. Higher torques, output powers <br />and efficiencies are achieved. Furthermore the operational speed range can be extended <br />above base speed, compared with the more limited range with conventional V/F control. <br />Efficiency maximization at different values of part load is also investigated by <br />controlling the net air-gap flux. A significant reduction in power loss is obtained, <br />achieving worthwhile significant energy savings. The theoretical analysis is derived <br />based on an equivalent circuit model. Saturation, armature reaction and variation of iron <br />losses are taken into consideration. Experimental verification at some of the theoretical <br />results is obtained.
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70906.html
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70906_c977e39ba9b0a674cf76d44fff83ba08.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
1110-1180
25
3
2002
07
01
DSP implementation of fuzzy logic-based voltage stabilization control
233
248
EN
E. E.
EL-Kholy
Electrical Engineering Departement,Faculty of Engineering,
Menouflya University Shebin El-Kom, Egypt.
A.
EL-Sabbe
Electrical Engineering Departement,Faculty of Engineering,
Menouflya University Shebin El-Kom, Egypt.
S. S.
Shokralla
Electrical Engineering Departement,Faculty of Engineering,
Menouflya University Shebin El-Kom, Egypt.
Nancy A.
EL-Hefnawy
Electrical Engineering Departement,Faculty of Engineering,
Menouflya University Shebin El-Kom, Egypt.
10.21608/erjm.2002.70917
This paper presents a simplified control model for stabilizing a load voltage <br />using a switched reactor in parallel with a fixed capacitor of static VAR <br />compensator. Two IGBT's are used to control the reactance of the switched <br />reactor. A uniform pulse width modulation (UPWM) is used for controlling the <br />two switches. The load is static and/ or dynamic, and the supply impedance is <br />taken into account. The system parameters are selected according to the load. <br />This compensator has a simple control circuit and structure. The load voltage <br />and power factor are improved. Also, the supply input waveforms are found to <br />be nearly sinusoidal. A complete modeling and numerical simulation for the <br />proposed systems are presented. <br />A high speed Digital Signal Processor is used for implementing proportionalintegral (PI) and fuzzy load voltage controllers. The system behavior is obtained <br />under both transient and steady-state conditions. The steady-state waveforms <br />are analyzed into their harmonic contents. Experimental results indicate the <br />superiority of fuzzy logic control over the conventional proportional-integral <br />control methods. Simulation results are reported and proved to be in good <br />agreement with the relevant experimental results.
Fuzzy logic control,VAR compensation,Load voltage stabilization
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70917.html
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70917_4bc9397ca7dacc12efb712eab97696ce.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
1110-1180
25
3
2002
07
01
Potential Use of DAF Process in New WTP in Upper Egypt
249
260
EN
Hazem I
saleh
'civil Eng. Dept., Faculty of Eng., Menoufia Univ., Egypt ' School of Civil, Urban & Geosystem Eng., College of Eng., Seoul National Univ., Korea
Moo Young
han
'civil Eng. Dept., Faculty of Eng., Menoufia Univ., Egypt ' School of Civil, Urban & Geosystem Eng., College of Eng., Seoul National Univ., Korea
10.21608/erjm.2002.70921
Conventional water treatment processes, that were installed and used long ago <br />in Upper Egypt, used to treat raw water with fluctuating suspended solids <br />reachg a peak of 3000 mg~l during flood times before Aswan High Dam <br />construction. The spectacular changes in raw water quality following the <br />construction of the Dam were reflected in silt and coarse particulates deposition <br />and increased number of algae. Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) process is <br />known to be effective in separating low-density particles contrary to <br />sedimentahon. Thls study addresses an investigation of the changing quality of <br />raw water in the study region, using the fhdarnental characteristics of DAF to <br />idenhfjr its potential use as the main treatment process. The study is conducted <br />through identifl;ng the main characteristics of raw water and predominant <br />types and sizes of organic species to be removed. Application diagrams for <br />particles separation for both DAF and sedlrnentation were developed relating <br />particle size, density, settling velocity and influent water temperature. The <br />study also addresses the merits and demerits of DAF process that shows the <br />system compatibility with changing raw water in addition to expected high <br />removal efficiency withm a smaller footprint in the plants
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70921.html
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70921_ad1ba8c3e2afb308460193f22c7bca5e.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
1110-1180
25
3
2002
07
01
effect of Bubble Bed Depth on Water Turbidity Removal Using DAF
261
267
EN
Hazem I.
Saleh
Associate Prof. Civil Eng. Dept., Faculty of Eng., Menoufia Univ., Egyp
10.21608/erjm.2002.70924
Diffused Air Flotation (DAF) has been successfully used for removal of <br />turbidity in water treatment plants through numerous applications. The <br />optimization of the system is dependent of several factors such as coagulant <br />dose, flocculation time, and waterbed depth along the separation zone of the <br />DAF. This paper addresses mainly the effect of bubble bed depth in the <br />separation column on turbidity removal from water. Effects of varying <br />alum coagulant dose from 5 to 45mgll and changing the influent hydraulic <br />loading from 1 to 4 m3/m2ihr on DAF performance were also addressed. <br />Results showed increased efficiency of turbidity removal with the increase <br />of bubble depth in the separation column, as fewer particles were dragged <br />out from the process effluent port situated at the bottom of the tank. The <br />increase in hydraulic loading though beneficial in reducing the required <br />surface area resulted in increased turbidity in the treated effluent.
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70924.html
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70924_94aca2248436b1e87a0ff120b8123204.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
1110-1180
25
3
2002
07
01
proosessing and properties OF SIC PARTICLESREINFORCED COPPER ALLOY MATRIX
269
285
EN
SALAH A.
ASSEALA
10.21608/erjm.2002.70927
Metal matrix composites are an attractive choice for aerospace and automotive <br />application because of their stiffness -to- weight ratio. Composites with <br />aluminum and magnesium matrices have been investigated extensively, while <br />less work has been carried out on copper matrix composites. In the present study <br />powder metallurgy technique was used to prepare specimens of copper and <br />copper alloy matrix (Cu-Sn- Pb-Zn) reinforced with SiC particulate. The effect <br />of sintering temperature and volume fraction of Sic, particles on densification <br />was investigated. Also, the effect of particle characteristic of Sic, reinforcement <br />on mechanical properties and wear behavior under varying contact pressure and <br />sliding speed by using pin -disc was carried out.
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70927.html
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70927_1971c7550c0c01eec75714118c572ccb.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
1110-1180
25
3
2002
07
01
the Need for a Comprehensive Design Methodology: Epistemological Perspective
287
304
EN
Mahmoud Ahmed
Zaki
Associated Professor of Architecture
Faculty of Eng. Tanta Univ.
10.21608/erjm.2002.70929
This paper argues the expediency and need for a comprehensive design <br />methodology to be introduced not only to the context ofknowledge- based <br />CAAD, but also to the contexts of design philosophy and theory of <br />architectural Design. The ultimate purpose of the comprehensive design <br />methodology is to produce design descriptions as large systems rather than to <br />increase our understanding about how the design reasoning could be <br />accomplished in a harmonic and orchestralizational whole through different <br />levels of abstraction. Then , this study discusses such philosophic and <br />theoretical foundations about the ambiguity of absolute design truth and <br />relativity of design knowledge in order to recognize and extract the main <br />features of the design knowledge . Furthermore, this study controverts the <br />design theorization versus the design modelling aiming at looking for the most <br />convenient intellectual human activity by which the comprehensive design <br />methodology could be configured. Finally, An epistemological design <br />approach is proposed and discussed through a proposed group of theoretical <br />and philosophic hypotheses. Virtually, all the proposed philosophic and <br />theoretical hypotheses, this study introduces and considers, could be become a <br />subject of some contention. This is because, it is not possible to prove that they <br />are correct. Consequently, they are assumed to be correct or at least " <br />appropriate " enough for design context until they will be refuted by new future <br />empirical evidences, or superseded by more consistent profound ones. They are <br />just an admissible contribution to the design context.
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70929.html
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70929_4703aae6601f5c36c1c2f57982626a33.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
1110-1180
25
3
2002
07
01
POLC Soft Starter For Induction Motors
305
317
EN
Azzam , Attia
El-Sbaie
Electrical Dep. ,
Faculty of Engineering, Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia Univ. Egypt
10.21608/erjm.2002.70931
Soft starters of I.M. have been extensively investigated and widely used in <br />industry in the past few years. They offer many advantages over direct on line <br />(DOL) starting, Y-A starting, autotransformer starting, or other methods.Soft <br />starters are part of a group of motor control techniques classified as starter <br />voltage control techniques. <br />The device circuit of any previous work about Softstarter consists of six <br />thyristors connected in back to back. In spite of using a modified switching <br />strategy for the I.M. soft starter to enhance its speed control and starting <br />capabilities, still the main disadvantages lies in harmonic contents of the <br />current waveforms.[l],[6]. <br />To avoid harmonic problem this paper presents a new control technique using <br />PLC by inserting an auto-transformer in the line to the motor, reducing or <br />increasing the voltage at the motor terminals depend on selected taps according <br />to a SW program in the PLC . <br />This Softstarter has the capability to feel load changes during motor operation, <br />and it changes the driving voltage to a suitable minimum level improved motor <br />efficiency and energy saving are achieved by applying this <br />technique Moreover PLC gives wide capability to control more than one motor <br />in the same or different time for starting or stopping.
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70931.html
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70931_dc0adfc3715a7e858cb3de447396f5c2.pdf
Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering
ERJ. Engineering Research Journal
1110-1180
25
3
2002
07
01
VAR PLANNING FOR VOLTAGE STABILITY IMPROVEMENT USING GENETIC ALGORITEhM
189
199
EN
G. E. M.
Aly
Faculty of Engineering,
H.
El-Desouki
Arab Academy for Science & Technology, Alex., Egypt
Amany
El-Zonkoly
Arab Academy for Science & Technology, Alex., Egypt
10.21608/erjm.2002.70934
The voltage and VAR issues have become a significant problem in <br />recent years. This is due to the steadily increasing power system sizes, high <br />loading of transmission facilities and abnormal operating conditions arising <br />from inadequate VAR balance. The problem has worsened with voltage <br />instability that arise in mature systems. The blackout events have confirmed the <br />importance of reactive power planning and dispatching in maintaining the <br />security of modern power systems. An algorithm of reactive power dispatch is <br />described which incorporates the voltage collapse proximity indicator to <br />minimize the possibility of voltage collapse in the system.
Reactive power planning,Voltage stability,Voltage collapse proximity indicator,Genetic algorithm (GA)
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70934.html
https://erjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_70934_40955ae56307921ac2e9f5ac1f426ef3.pdf