Menoufia University, Faculty of EngineeringERJ. Engineering Research Journal1110-118037220140401معايير الاستدامة العمرانية بين النظام الأمريکي الليدLEED وتشريعات البناء المصرية2652766688810.21608/erjm.2014.66888ENصفاءعيسىقسم الهندسة المعمارية-کلية الهندسة- جامعة المنوفيةحسام الدينمصطفىقسم الهندسة المعمارية-کلية الهندسة- جامعة المنوفيةعلا سامىالحناوىقسم الهندسة المعمارية-کلية الهندسة- جامعة المنوفيةJournal Article20191230تعتبر التشريعات المرتبطة بعملية البناء من أهم العناصر التى تدفع عجلة التنمية العمرانية المستدامة، لکونها الإطار الملزم للحفاظ على الحقوق والواجبات. وتتمثل مشکلة البحث فى مراجعة تشريعات البناء المصرية فى إطار قيم الاستدامة العمرانية، وذلک من خلال دراسة تحليلية لمعايير الاستدامة العمرانية الأمريکية المعروفة اصطلاحاً باسم الليد (LEED : Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) لکونها أهم وأقدم معايير الاستدامة العمرانية، ومقارنتها بنصوص التشريعات والقوانين العمرانية المصرية، ومن ثم يمکن معرفة مدى توافق التشريعات المصرية مع قيم الاستدامة. وتتمثل أهمية البحث فى إرساء رؤية واضحة المعالم لتشريعات البناء المصرية فى إطار مبادئ الاستدامة.
ويتبع البحث المنهج الوثائقي التحليلي فى دراسة معايير الاستدامة العمرانية الأمريکية الليد LEED، مع إجراء تحليل مقارن مع حزمة التشريعات المصرية المتعلقة بالتنمية العمرانية. وقد خلصت نتائج البحث إلي أن تشريعات البناء المصرية توافقت بنسبة کبيرة تصل إلى 68% مع بنود نظام الليد LEED، مما يوضح أن نصوص تشريعات البناء المصرية تستوعب فکرة الاستدامة بدرجة کبيرة، ولکنها تحتاج لکثير من المراجعة والتدقيق، کما تحتاج لتفعيل العديد من الآليات لتطبيق تلک التشريعات.
وتتکون الدراسة من أربعة أجزاء، حيث يناقش الجزء الأول الإطار الفکري المتعلق بمفاهيم وقيم التنمية العمرانية المستدامة، بينما يتناول الجزء الثانى التعريف بنظام الليد LEED، ويناقش الجزء الثالث تحليل نظام الليد LEED ومقارنته بحزمة التشريعات البنائية في مصر، ويختتم البحث بالنتائج والتوصيات اللازمة لهيکلة تشريعات البناء المصرية لدعم الاستدامة العمرانية.Menoufia University, Faculty of EngineeringERJ. Engineering Research Journal1110-118037220140401Fusion of QuickBird Multi-sensor Images using Different Techniques2292376689010.21608/erjm.2014.66890ENA. MElSherifCivil Engineering, Public Works Department, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University ,EgyptH. AAfifiCivil Engineering, Public Works Department, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University ,EgyptJournal Article20191230Earth observation satellites such as QuickBird provide panchromatic (PAN) images at high spatial resolution and multispectral (MS) images at high spectral resolution but low spatial resolution. Actually, due to sensor limitations and technical restrictions the instruments are not capable of directly providing an image with high spatial and spectral resolutions. The most efficient and economic way to produce high spatial resolution MS images is by applying image fusion techniques to merge the high spatial information of the PAN image with the high spectral information of the MS image. This paper describes and examines six of the most widely used fusion techniques to merge two sets of QuickBird PAN and MS images covering agricultural and urban areas in Tanta and Alexandria cities, Egypt. The applied fusion techniques utilize different spectral and spatial transformations, they are (1) Intensity-Hue-saturation (IHS), (2) Principle Component Analysis (PCA), (3) High Pass Filter (HPF), (4) Mallat Wavelet Addition (MWA), (5) IHS with Area Model (IHS+Area), and (6) University of New Brunswick fusion model (UNB). The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the spectral and spatial qualities of the fused images due to applying different fusion techniques. The fused images are compared visually and statistically to the original PAN and MS images. The results revealed that the (IHS+Area) method has considerably improved the spectral quality while preserving the spatial information of the original PAN image. However, the improvement of the spectral quality due to applying a certain technique means the deterioration of its spatial quality. Thus, the selection of an appropriate fusion technique depends mainly on the application requirementsMenoufia University, Faculty of EngineeringERJ. Engineering Research Journal1110-118037220140401PSO BASED TUNING OF FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER FOR TWO AREA INTERCONNECTED POWER SYSTEM1371416689310.21608/erjm.2014.66893ENH.A.KhattabElectrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Menoufiya University, EgyptG.A.MorsyElectrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Menoufiya University, EgyptN. S.NassarQaliobia Company of water and wastewaterJournal Article20191230This paper proposes the use of particular swarm optimiaztion technique for optimizing input scaling factors for fuzzy logic controller of a two-area interconnected power system. The proposed approach has superior feature including easy implementation, stable convergence characteristics and very good computational performances efficiency. The main objective is to obtain a stable and robust controlled system by tuning the fuzzy logic controller gains (acting as the secondary controller in the AGC system) using PSO algorithm to achieve the lowest error function. Firstly, the interconnected two area power system is modeled and simulated using MATLAB-SIMLINK. The simulation results are obtained in compartive form with those obtained using other controllers like proportional-integral and fuzzy logic controllers to validate the effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy-swarm controller.Menoufia University, Faculty of EngineeringERJ. Engineering Research Journal1110-118037220140401Performance Evaluation of Silica gel /water Adsorption Cooling Unit1992066690110.21608/erjm.2014.66901ENA.Khalil1Mech. Power Eng. Dep., Faculty of Eng., Tanta University, EgyptS. A.El-Agouz1Mech. Power Eng. Dep., Faculty of Eng., Tanta University, EgyptY. A. F. El-SamadonyEl-Samadony1Mech. Power Eng. Dep., Faculty of Eng., Tanta University, EgyptM. A.SharafMech. Eng. Dep., Faculty of Eng., Kafr elsheikh University, EgyptJournal Article20191230In the present work, an experimental study of adsorption refrigeration unit with modified adsorption bed is obtained. Silica gel and water are used as a working pair in the adsorption refrigeration unit. Hot air is used for Silica gel regeneration. The effect of evaporator pressure, evaporator inlet water temperature, initial Silica gel temperature, and hot air regeneration temperature and mass flow rate on the unit coefficient of performance is studied. It has been found that increase of hot air regeneration temperature and inlet evaporator temperature increases the unit refrigeration capacity and coefficient of performance. On the other hand, a decrease of Silica gel temperature and evaporator pressure increases the unit refrigeration capacity and coefficient of performance. The results confirm that this kind of adsorption chiller is an effective refrigerating machine, it can be used for air conditioning or producing chilling water since it make a reduction in the chilling water temperature more than 10ºC in 3 minutes. In addition the present unit with its novel adsorber gives higher coefficient of performance than that was obtained from the similar previous modelsMenoufia University, Faculty of EngineeringERJ. Engineering Research Journal1110-118037220140401DESALINATION SYSTEM WITH FLASH EVAPORATION AT LOW TEMPERATURE AND ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE2072206690210.21608/erjm.2014.66902ENS. A.Elagouz1Mech. Power Eng. Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Egypt.G. B.Abd El-AzizMech. Dept., Faculty of Industrial Education, Suez University, Egypt.A. M.AwadMech. Dept., Faculty of Industrial Education, Suez University, Egypt.Journal Article20191230A modified design for a desalination unit using flash evaporation at atmospheric pressure and low temperature is investigated. The evaporation chamber is introduced inside the condensing chamber. An electric heater is used for heating the brackish water. The experimental setup is used to study the effect of temperature and mass flow rate of heating brackish water, flow rate of cooling water and operating time on the productivity, energy consumption and efficiency of the unit. The results show that the performance of the system is strongly affected by the temperature and mass flow rate of water heated. The unit starts to output freshwater after ten minutes of operation and becomes steadly about twenty minutes later. The temperature and mass flow rate of brackish water are 75 <sup>o</sup>C and 4.8 lit/min. The maximum water productivity, system efficiency, energy consumption are 2.95 lit/h, 85 % and 0.82 kWh/kg respectively. The model is expected to be used in solar energy desalination units.Menoufia University, Faculty of EngineeringERJ. Engineering Research Journal1110-118037220140401MODE II FRACTURE TOUGHNESS ESTIMATES FOR FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETES USING A VARIETY OF TESTING GEOMETRIES2392466690510.21608/erjm.2014.66905ENA.S.SherbiniCivil Engineering Dept., Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt,Journal Article20191230On the shadow of the ongoing debate on attempting to estimate mode II fracture toughness (K<sub>IIc</sub>), the role of fibers and, or pozolan addition arises to importance. In this paper an experimental investigation of plain concrete, high strength concrete, and fiber reinforced concretes is reported. Three different types of fibers, namely steel, glass, and polypropylene fibers with a constant volume fraction v<sub>f</sub> of 1.5%, are added to high strength concrete specimens. In an attempt to estimate a fairly accepted value of fracture toughness K<sub>IIc</sub>, four testing geometries and loading types are employed in this investigation. Four points shear, Brazilian notched disc, double notched cube, and double edge notched specimens are investigated in a trial to avoid the limitations and sensitivity of each test regarding geometry, size effect, constraint condition, and the crack length to specimen width ratio a/w. The addition of pozolan enhanced both the compressive strength and mode II fracture toughness of concrete for almost all test geometries, while the addition of different types of fiber reduced the compressive strength and increased mode II fracture toughness in pure mode II tests. Mode II fracture toughness of concrete K<sub>IIc</sub> decreased with the increment of a/w ratio for all concretes and test geometries. An element of mode mixity was traced in four points shear, and notched disc specimen tests. Double edge notched specimen test was found to be inconvenient for the current study due to its sensitivity to brittleness and anisotropity of concrete. Mode II fracture toughness K<sub>IIc</sub> reported from double notched cube test showed higher values than all other tests due to the crack propagation miss alignment opposing sliding of crack surfaces. Menoufia University, Faculty of EngineeringERJ. Engineering Research Journal1110-118037220140401تجويد و تحسين تطبيقات إستخدام الخرسانة کمادة إنشائية وزخرفية في العمارة المعاصرة في مصر2772916690710.21608/erjm.2014.66907ENشريف محمداحمدبقسم الإنشاءات المدنية والمعمارية - کلية التعليم الصناعي -جامعة السويسمحمد أمينشريفبقسم الإنشاءات المدنية والمعمارية - کلية التعليم الصناعي -جامعة السويسخديجة السيدشقرةبقسم تکنولوجيا الإنشاءات المعمارية- کلية التعليم الصناعي - جامعة بنى سويفJournal Article20191230 حظي العالم علي مدي تاريخه –القديم والحديث والمعاصر- بتراث حضاري متواصل ومستمر, وفي کل حضارة تبلغ ذروتها يصبح تجميع الطرز فيها نهجا, وغالبا ما يحدث ذلک نتيجة النهوض والتفاعل الحضاري للزمان والمکان, حيث تشهد هذه الأيام تطورات متسارعة في مختلف أوجه الحياة، الأمر الذي أدى إلى حدوث طفرة في کافة العلوم الهندسية ومنها المعمارية، هذه الطفرة أثرت بشکل کبير علي عملية الإبداع المعماري نتيجة للتقدم التکنولوجي في طرق الإنشاء ومواد البناء المختلفة. ونتيجة لهذا التقدم التکنولوجي حدث نوع من التبادل الفکري کنوع من العولمة التاريخية التي تفرض بدورها تحديات جديدة – سواء في الفکر التصميمي أو تکنولوجيا التنفيذ وکذا التعامل مع المواد الإنشائية الجديدة بکامل طاقتها، فأصبحت تفرض الجديد علي مفردات لغة العمارة في المکان والزمان.
ويرکز البحث على إمکانية المزج بين العناصر الزخرفية والمصداقية في التعبير والنظام الإنشائي للمبني حيث يعمل هذا المزج علي إکساب المبنى خصائص بصرية مميزة.
حيث تتمثل إشکالية هذه الدراسة في قصور المواد التقليدية (الجص ورقائق البلاستيک) في تنفيذ هذه العناصر بطريقة إنشائية وزخرفية معا في تکوين واحد بدلا من وضع تلک الزخارف بشکل سطحي، الأمر الذي يؤدى إلى سقوط هذه العناصر وانفصالها عن المبنى بمرور الوقت نتيجة لضعف تلک المواد لتحمل العوامل الجوية المختلفة والعوامل الغير طبيعية, کالرطوبة والحرائق وبعض الاهتزازات الناتجة عن الزلازل مقارنة بالمواد المعمرة الأخرى. کما أصبحت المباني في الوقت الحاضر إستعراضاً لتکنولوجيا البناء والتشييد وأصبح الترکيز أکثر على الارتفاعات وواجهات الالمنيوم وأصبح الفن العمراني والمعماري اکثر قوة وأقل انسانية وتباعدت المسافة بين الانسان والعمارة وزاد الاغتراب بينهما.Menoufia University, Faculty of EngineeringERJ. Engineering Research Journal1110-118037220140401DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF TOOL HOLDER WITH DAMPING ESTIMATION2212286690910.21608/erjm.2014.66909ENF.R.GomaaFaculty of Engineering ,Menoufia University.Journal Article20191230This paper presents a new approach to design tool holder subjected to dynamic loads.
The aim of this paper is to estimate damping based on experimental and simulated data with high degrees of freedom. Accurate damping ratios were extracted using modal damping based on fitting exponential decays plus subspace model. The data is collected through three fixed accelerometers and one moving, and simulated data using ANSYS. To validate the proposed model impulse excitation plus random excitation were used to fulfill the criteria of output only measurement .The damping matrix was calculated using measured damping ratios to simplify the damping estimation and save time. The main advantage is the degree of accuracy used with respect to the complex mode. This method can be used in higher order frequency and complex structure.Menoufia University, Faculty of EngineeringERJ. Engineering Research Journal1110-118037220140401Influence of Curing Temperatures on the Properties of Fibrous Concrete2472546691010.21608/erjm.2014.66910ENNoha M.SolimanCivil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Menoufia University, EgyptAlaa A.BashandyCivil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Menoufia University, EgyptJournal Article20191230Curing takes place immediately after concrete placing and finishing. Curing conditions affect on the concrete properties. One of those conditions is curing temperature. This research aims to study the effect of curing temperatures on the main mechanical properties of fibrous concrete compared to that of conventional concrete. Two types of fibers were used, polypropylene and steel fibers. The effect of temperature of curing (25°C, 50°C and 75°C) was considered. The study is performed depended on the results obtained from compressive test, indirect tensile and flexural test at 3, 7 and 28 days. The test results showed that, the increasing ratio of the tensile strength and the flexural strength was better than the increasing ratio of the compressive strength with using the fibers in concrete compared to the control concrete. The curing temperature affected on the compressive strength more than the effecting of the tensile strength and the flexural strength. The better used curing temperature is about 50°C.Menoufia University, Faculty of EngineeringERJ. Engineering Research Journal1110-118037220140401Optimal PI Gains Scheduler for Three Phase Induction Motor Drive Using PSO1431556691210.21608/erjm.2014.66912ENHussein M.WallyMechanical & Electrical Research Center National Water Research Center, EgyptHaitham Z.Azaziepartment of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Menoufiya University, EgyptFahmy M.El-Khoulyepartment of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Menoufiya University, EgyptJournal Article20191230This paper proposed a Gain-Scheduling Adaptive of a Proportional-Integral (GSAPI) controller scheme for speed control of three-phase induction motor (IM) drives using a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to optimize the parameters of the proportional-integral (PI) of the speed controller. The PI gains are allowed to vary within a predetermined range and therefore, eliminate the problems faced by the conventional fixed PI and PSO-PI without gain-scheduling control speed controllers. The performance of the proposed GSAPI speed controller is simulated and compared with the conventional fixed PI and PSO-PI speed controllers under different operating conditions. The tuning of PI speed controller parameters is determined by conventional fixed gains, PSO-PI without gain-scheduling control and on-line. For conventional PI, the PI gains are optimized by Trial-and-error method. For PSO-PI tuning, the PI gains are optimized by PSO. On-line application, PSO gains scheduling adaptively adjusts the controller gains to improve the speed response under different operating conditions. The simulation and experimental results show that the GSAPI can be efficiently used for tuning parameters of the PI speed controller, also a good improvement in transient as well as a steady-state response of the proposed controller over the conventional fixed PI and PSO-PI one.Menoufia University, Faculty of EngineeringERJ. Engineering Research Journal1110-118037220140401SELF-HEALING OF CRACKED CONCRETE WITH BACTERIAL APPROACH2552646691310.21608/erjm.2014.66913ENMagdy A.ZahranFaculty of Science, El-Menoufia UniversityMagdyAttiaNational Centre of Research, EgyptAmal A.NasserCivil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, El-Menoufia UniversityJournal Article20191230Self-healing mechanisms are new techniques used to improve structures durability. Two species of Bacteria (<em>Bacillus subtilis</em> and <em>B. megaterium)</em> were added to rich cement pastes. Cement based bacteria were tested under compression. The two mixes were compared with a control mix to study the bacterial effect on cement paste compressive strength. Ferrocement laminates were cast using the bacterial mixes and the control mix. Laminates were tested under flexural loading until failure. Tested laminates were kept moisturized. Laminates were reloaded after two months. Test results showed that bacterially based systems have the ability to heal and restore the material to its original state when damaged. Bacterially based system seems promising and sustainable.Menoufia University, Faculty of EngineeringERJ. Engineering Research Journal1110-118037220140401PROPOSED VOLTAGE CONTROL METHOD OF BRUSHLESS DC GENERATOR FOR VEHICLE APPLICATION1571636691510.21608/erjm.2014.66915ENSafaa A.KalilahElectrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Shebin El-Kom,
Minoufiya University, EgyptHaitham Z.AzazyElectrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Shebin El-Kom,
Minoufiya University, EgyptMervet A.ShanabElectrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Shebin El-Kom,
Minoufiya University, EgyptFathy E.Abdel-KaderElectrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Shebin El-Kom,
Minoufiya University, EgyptJournal Article20191230Recently, brushless dc generator (BLDCG) becomes a very attractive alternative to its counterparts in many applications such as wind energy systems and transportation systems. That is because of its advantages which are high efficiency and energy density, light weight, compact design and low maintenance. The main problem has appeared in BLDCG applications which are characterized by large speed fluctuations like wind turbines and internal consumption engines. This speed variation leads to changes in the BLDCG output voltage. The goal of this study is keeping the generator output voltage constant with the speed variation of the prime mover using a simple control means includes a variable reactor. This work in BLDCG is presented for vehicle application, to be instead of the brush claw pole synchronous generator. Throughout the present work, a mathematical model of BLDCG is developed and used in computing the generator characteristics. An experimental setup is implemented for verifying the theoretical analysis. A comparison between the theoretical and experimental results confirms the validity of proposed analysis. The results show the good performance of BLDCG with the proposed simple control method.Menoufia University, Faculty of EngineeringERJ. Engineering Research Journal1110-118037220140401Solving Unit Commitment Problem in Regulated and Deregulated Power Systems Using Particle Swarm Algorithm1651776691610.21608/erjm.2014.66916ENSahar.S.KaddahDepartment of electrical Power Engineering
University of MansouraRagab.A.ElsehiemyDepartment of electrical Power Engineering
University of Kafr elshiekhAlaa .A.ZakyDepartment of electrical Power Engineering
University of Kafr elshiekhJournal Article20191230<strong><em>Abstract</em></strong><em>- </em>An important criterion in power system operation is to meet the power demand at minimum fuel cost using an optimal mix of different power plants. Moreover, in order to supply electric power to customers in a secured and economic manner, thermal unit commitment is considered to be one of the best available options. It is thus recognized that the optimal unit commitment of thermal systems results in a great saving for electric utilities. The unit commitment has been identified for this paper work. The complexity of the UC problems grows exponentially to the number of generating units especially by applying the deregulated rules in power system. Where in this environment the objective function is maximizing the profit while satisfying the regular unit commitment constrains with addition of new constrains such as bilateral and multilateral contracts. The formulation of unit commitment has been discussed and the solution is obtained by an algorithm based on Particle Swarm Optimization technique the proposed algorithm is implemented in MATLAB environment.Menoufia University, Faculty of EngineeringERJ. Engineering Research Journal1110-118037220140401A modified Three-Phase AC-AC Boost Regulator with Unity Input Power Factor1791896691710.21608/erjm.2014.66917ENOsama M. AliSalemMechanical& electrical research institute National water research Centre, EgyptHaitham Z.AzaziDepartment of electrical Engineering Faculty of engineering Menoufiya University, EgyptAzza E.LashineDepartment of electrical Engineering Faculty of engineering Menoufiya University, EgyptJournal Article20191230In this paper, a new configuration for high performance three-phase AC-AC boost regulator is presented. The proposed circuit has a high efficiency for adjusting AC power; because it has a fewer number of switches, and for this new configuration, a new control methodology is proposed to provide regulated AC output voltage. This new boost regulator provides, nearly unity input power factor, line current harmonics to be readily and economically filtered out. Also, harmonics of input current, load voltage and load current are almost negligible. The proposed method is implemented using a zero-crossing processing, which allows a greater accuracy than other methods. The developed modeling is experimentally verified, Measured, simulated and predicted waveforms using the proposed model are shown to be very close and the model is proved to be efficient and accurate.Menoufia University, Faculty of EngineeringERJ. Engineering Research Journal1110-118037220140401OPTIMAL PLACEMENT OF PHASOR MEASUREMENT UNITS WITH LIMITED CHANNELS USING ANT COLONY OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM1911976691810.21608/erjm.2014.66918ENA. A.Abou El-ElaElectrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Shebin El-Kom,
Minoufiya University, EgyptA. M.KinawyElectrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Shebin El-Kom,
Minoufiya University, EgyptR. A.El-SehiemyElectrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering,
Kafrelsehiekh University, EgyptM. T.MouwafiElectrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Shebin El-Kom,
Minoufiya University, EgyptJournal Article20191230This paper proposes an approach for optimal placement of phasor measurement units (PMUs) for complete observability at normal and emergency conditions such as any single line outage or any single PMU loss using ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm. The objective function is to find theoptimallocations of PMUs and the minimum number of PMU channels by optimizing the logic decision of control variables, under the observability constraint.
The ACO algorithm is applied to the standard IEEE 14-bus, 30-bus and New England 39-bus systems. Add to that, an application of the proposed algorithm to a real power system of the west Delta network (WDN) as a part of the Unified Egyptian Network (UEN) is presented. The results obtained are compared with those obtained using other techniques. Simulation results show that the proposed ACO algorithm is more accurate and efficient for obtaining the optimal placement of PMUs with minimum number of PMU channels, especially with increasing the system size.