INVESTIGATION OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND ENERGY INDICATORS IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: EGYPTIAN CASE STUDY

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Mechanical Engineering Department, National Research Centre, Egypt

Abstract

Egypt is characterized by high rate of population growth and increasing rate of urbanization as
efforts to build new conununities expanded to several regions. Egypt area is about I M km2 of
which almost 30000 km2 cultivated land. Urban population constitutes 46% and 54% rural
population. As, electricity demand is growing rapidly in Egypt, so efforts are directed at
developing the use of renewable energy technologies in rural and remote areas. Renewable
energies in Egypt are planned to reach 20% penetration by 2020, mostly from wind farms. In terms
of energy indicators for sustainable development, Egypt maintains high electric accessibility, safe
production and almost satisfied end use. Some social, economic and environmental energy
indicators are studied and general evaluation of different energy sources is presented. ‘this
research is carried out through MEDRES project which is funded by EC1. The required data is
collected, validated and analyzed to reach some formal indicators of energy environmental
impacts. All over the world there is a very strong potential for using renewable converters such as
wind energy converters, photovoltaic generators, hydro power, etc. under favourable conditions.
The use of renewable energy is one of the most promising methods to reduce CO2 and other
greenhouse emissions. Estimated CO2 emissions in year 2004 were found to be 37% of CO2
emissions due to energy, 35% due to industry, 14% due to transportation and 14% due to other
sectors. In 2020 it is expected that 40% will occur due to energy.

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